Research Methods in Psychology (329) Training Exam Questions And All Correct Answers.
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Course
PSYC 329
Institution
PSYC 329
Psychology - Answer is based on scientific research
Empirical Research - Answer Collecting data systematically and using it to develop, supports or challenge a theory (not just thinking intuitively)
Empirical vs. Review Articles - Answer should be using empirical for final paper
R...
evidence based treatments - Answer therapies that are supported by research
Empiricism (the empirical method/research) - Answer using evidence form the senses (sight, hearing,
touch) or from instruments that assist the senses (thermometers, timers, photographs, scales,
questionnaires) as the basis for conclusions
Scientists test theories (the theory data cycle) - Answer theory: set of statements that describes
general principles about how variables relate to one another (ex/ sleep strengthens memory for
emotional experiences)
,Hypothesis: predications about the outcomes of your research based on theory
Data: set of observations (do data support or refute the hypotheses?) THE DATA SHOW
cupboard theory vs. contact theories to explain mother-infant attachment; Harry Harlow tested them -
Answer chose the tactile/comfortable mother over the one providing the food
DO NOT USE - Answer the word prove
or data as singular "the data show"
good scientific theories - Answer supported by data, are falsifiable (must lead to hypotheses that when
tested could fail to support the theory), ex of non falsifiable "some animals live forever"
have parsimony: simplest theory is the best provided all info is in use
do not prove anything (weight of evidence)
Basic vs. Applied research - Answer Basic: conducted to enhance knowledge about a topic (conducting
a study to investigate visual attention in 4-6 yr old children)
Applied: Conducted to solve practical problems; findings will be directly applied to finding a solution to a
real world problem (how to best teach children to read)
How do scientists share results of research in the scientific community? - Answer -conduct experiment
-submit article to a relevant journal
-editors will desk-reject it or send it to expert reviewers
-Based on reviewer comments you may receive (reject, revise & resubmit (major revisions), revise and
resubmit (minor revisions), accept (rare asf)
If you receive a revision the cycle continues
IDEAs - Answer do people with disorders such as anxiety use social media more than those without any
disorders (perhaps as a way of avoidance/cognitive model distortions)?
are psych majors less likely to give into group conformity in comparison to other majors?
, do people who spend more time on their phones/social media tend to be less or more generally satisfied
than those who use it less?
Do busier people (involved in more activities/clubs/work) tend to be more academically successful?
efficacy expectation: extent people believe they can bring about the outcome
are people who have a higher efficacy expectation more susceptible to succeed academically?
Check your sources - Answer empirical, peer reviewed journals
Sources of Info - Answer
problems with evaluating based on experience - Answer has no comparison group (control group)...in
research we must ask "compared to what?"
-placebo effect: an outcome not attributed to a specific treatment but rather the participants mindset
regarding the treatment they received ...nonconciously occurring
-emphasizes need to have well designated/controlled studies, keeping as much as you can the sam
between the conditions other than the variable you are testing
control group - Answer a group in an experiment whose level of the independent variable (and only
that) differs from the treatment in a deliberate way
problems with evaluating based on experience - Answer -experience is confounded
confound: alternative explanations for an outcome
CORRELATION VS CAUSATION ex/ice cream sales/drowning
research vs. intuition - Answer we trust our intuition but it is biased by faulty thinking
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