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NSG 310 - Foundations Final Exam Questions with Latest Update
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NSG 310 - Foundations Final Exam Questions with Latest Update
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NSG 310 - Foundations Final ExamQuestions with Latest Update
How to you assess readiness to learn? - Answer-To understand how to effectively teach
a client and determine if they can understand the teaching, you must take these topic
areas under consideration.
-learning needs
-clients knowledge level
-health beliefe and practices
-physical readiness
-emotional readiness
-ability to learn
-literacy level
-neurosensory factors
-learning styles
Also before teaching make sure the client is not in any pain or is distracted by other
things so that the learning it totally perceived.
What is cognitive, psychomotor and affective learning? What are examples for each? -
Answer-Cognitive
-involves knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.
-ex. when a client learns the manifestations of hypoglycemia and can verbalize when to
notify the provider
Affective
-involves feelings beliefs and values
-ex. mother learning that her thought to start potty training her 12 month old needs to be
held off till the child is a bit older.
Psychomotor
-involves gaining skills that require mental and physical activity
-ex. when a client practices preparing insulin injections
Who do you involve in patient teaching, when and why? - Answer-Sometimes with
chronic illnesses or multiple diagnosis, the patient has to have teaching to do with their
condition(s). Collaboration with other health teams such as PT, OT, RT, and others may
be needed to have effective teaching with the client. Also most importantly, the client
must be involved in the teaching because it is patient centered care and the patent is
the most important in being involved in the process.
What is the teach back method? Why is it effective? - Answer-In this method the
teacher explains and demonstrates the skill or task, then the learner demonstrates
, comprehension by returning the demonstration. This is effective because it allows for
targeted questions and answers rather than theory it also is it effective for tasks that
need to be completed by the patient.
What do different stool colors mean? - Answer--brown - normal poop with bile
-Red - bleeding in the rectum (Hematochezia), or occasionally from rapid or large amt of
bleeding in GI tract
-Maroon/dark red - bleeding in lower parts of the intestine
-Black/not sticky, no odor - iron or bismuth containing medications (Pepto Bismol)
-Black-tarry/foul odor (Melena)- bleeding in stomach or upper part of small intestine
-Clay-colored and/or pale - contains little or no bile - diseases or obstructions that cause
obstruction of flow of bile to the intestines
-Yellow/greasy/foul smell - presence of undigested fat - diseases pancreas (reduced
enzymes to intestines)
*stool usually get darker after it is left standing after defecation*
What is vagal stimulation related to bowel elimination? When can occur to occur? What
should you do if it happens? - Answer-helps with peristalsis
The rationale regarding the enema is stimulation of the vagus nerve via anal stimulation,
causes bradycardia, hypotension, syncope. Sometimes these sudden changes can elicit
a cardiovascular event such as lethal arrhythmias, stroke, asystole ---->death.
So, administering enemas can elicit a vagal response and lead to devastating
outcomes. Must be done using extreme caution.
What are the causative and alleviating factors of constipation? - Answer--Low fiber diet,
dehydration, low activity, medication, stress, pregnancy, surgery, developmental, dietary
supplements, pathological conditions
-increase fiber intake, hydration, increase activity, practice de-stressing techniques
S & S of UTI - Answer--back pain
-bladder spasms
-chills
-edema
-fever
-foul-smelling urine
-hematuria
-nausea/vomiting
-pyuria
-urgency of urination
-frequency of urination
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