Summary
Summary AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY CGP REVISION + QUESTION FLASHCARDS
- Course
- Institution
Revision Flashcards for the whole of AQA A-Level Biology, CGP endorsed
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
talhabinzubair2006
Content preview
CGP CGPP
G
C
A-Level Absorb Biology w
Biology CGP’s revision car
... and digest the AQA course wherever
Exam Board: AQA
Revision Question Cards
Questions on the front
Biology
A-Level AQA
4A —
Topic otein Synt
and Pr
RNA
DNA, sis
he Answers on the back
25. Osm )
osis (1) s (1entra
asis
Every key topic covered
Topic 6C — Homeost
seesi
Conc tion (3)
91. Cont rol of Blood Gluco
Quick Qu rotein
Synth
and P estions Topic 2B
— Cell
N A Membran
49. RQuick2)Questi
1) Def ine es
ons
the term “wa
ter potentia
Des Type II diabetes?
How isioType
crib osm
ns eI diabetes osis in caused? for What? l”.about
CGP cards always stand out from the p
1) 3) term nd of wat
Quest How will diss NA sta s n, how er else
potecanntiaType II diabetes be treated?
Quick2) Other than by mRmedicatio
’ inolvin
‘mtaking g salt into
a beaker of
l.
es the don?
hat do NA co
pure water
1) W affect the C
NowNoW wtry is an mR
tthese: water pote
try
ha the pt ion ? times a day. ntia of birthday,
Onl her
2) se:
trans cri
her Type I diabetes using
insulin injections several Bthethe liquid in the
amount beaker?
3)4)WAha t istreats
girl Suggest how she will need to adjust
3) A student slice of cake as a treat. A
she plans to mak haveesa five
carr seri al
ies sheaninjects that day.dilutions of Explain your answer.
ofofinsulinout experiment sucr ht.ose
rigsoft meaning that drinks with a higher
sugar content
potato cells in the solu
drinks,
e: . now Describ havedia ord ontax’
am er to iden
a ‘sugar on NAthe ? tion and
concerned about the growing incidence of
4) Many y thes
to pro countries
duce the resu ar te a grmet hod es en
whyts tR tify
health advisers
water pote
tr of
work ltsBsho
expensive to buy. Suggest
re pr the student cou ntial
20
Now 5) Usinare morethe orwnC)
in theof this tax. ? ld have used
Look
at grap may
g IIthe
diabetes
uctur e (A,be in favour
h, estim TACGgrap
. h. ce
Type
4) that ate ATcon sequenmay oppose sis.‘sugar10tax’.
thethe
hichldstrhave
Wwou ads:the
in mass
firms re
theceinsamthe soft drinks
y mRcentNAindustry
ration ofprsucr ein syn cteria
).
with 10 cm
3
6)5) HowSuggest why sequ en
lemeen
tarer
wat in ot . techniquewt . hShe starts
of ba
DNldAthe stud
Acou comp pote eraseas
ntia
solutions using ose dilution
a serial ronstion
in intsolu glucose solutions.
A polym l no
glucose the0 gro
entupuse tthe n.0.5%
P.S. Complete the set with CGP’s matching
5) Awat making
isisthe nta
pota 2% and
% change
student coshould create
6) the Wer hatpote ntia of RN
lethe
solution.
ro
this
Suggest estim
theatio
do esn toshe
steps totake
ls
cells
or . ibits for
inhto matio
7) Suggestof 8% glucose the l of pota NA find t
outkil bond 0.25 been
sample she’s given.
scribe mR
ticthetoglucose drug thaation
cells? (aconcentr urine
of aide
how g pept a starting point.
0.5 0.75
6) De the stud
wants eu ka
to ryo
find ic tin her glucose solutions1.0 as1.25
7)proThe student
duce a pla y ent could an tib iot da inh ibi sis. using
n curve, -10 1.5
in ewh
Complete Revision & Practice book
repebyatmaking calibratiothe 1.75 2.0
Ex mor canl isdoanthis es an
Concentra
howaccu sherate
ico omthe expot syn tion sucro
the maths
Describe
7)
amphen ding to ate
estim ribos of ve pr erim einent to solution (mold of
sure you properly understan
se
theon of solutions — make
dm )
–3
Chlor by how cells’series
8) need
You to rk s bin tot thi
know s will ha
produce a dilution water potentia and -20 volumes exam questions might
involve.
TIP involvedIt in the
wo effec . You never know what concentrationsl.
and Exam Practice Workbook!
in the
technique
Expla
Revision
Question Cards
ISBN 978 1 78908 592 1
Part of a
worrying trend
9 781789 085921
BAF71 £15.99
(Retail Price)
0920 - 21623
, A-Level
Biology
Exam Board: AQA
Revision
Question Cards
BAF71
, How To Use These Cards
Topics match CGP’s books and
the course specification.
49. RNA and Protein Synthesis (1) Topic 4A — DNA, RNA
Questions on all the
and Protein Synthesis
Quick Questions
key topics, as well as on 1) What does the ‘m’ in mRNA stand for?
2) What is an mRNA codon?
practicals and maths skills. 3) What is transcription?
Now try these:
4) Look at the work of art diagram on the right. A B C
Which structure (A, B or C) represents tRNA?
5) A DNA sequence reads: ATTACG.
What is the complementary mRNA sequence?
6) Describe the role of RNA polymerase in protein synthesis.
7) Explain why eukaryotic mRNA does not contain introns.
8) Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic (a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria).
It works by binding to ribosomes and inhibiting peptide bond formation.
Explain the effect this will have on protein synthesis.
Topic 4A — DNA, RNA
and Protein Synthesis 49. RNA and Protein Synthesis (1)
ANSWERS
1) The ‘m’ in mRNA stands for messenger. (The ‘RNA’ stands for ribonucleic acid, but you already knew that.)
2) An mRNA codon is a sequence of three mRNA bases that codes for an amino acid. Complete answers
to each question.
3) Transcription is the first stage of protein synthesis, in which an mRNA copy of a gene is made from DNA.
4) Structure B represents tRNA, which folds itself into a lovely clover shape, held together by hydrogen bonds
between specific, complementary bases. Structure A represents mRNA, which is single-stranded. Structure
C represents DNA, which is double-stranded.
5) The complementary mRNA sequence is UAAUGC. In complementary base pairing, specific bases always
pair up — A with T or U and C with G. RNA contains U (uracil) instead of T.
6) RNA polymerase takes part in transcription. It lines up free RNA nucleotides alongside the exposed bases
on a DNA template strand. The enzyme then joins adjacent nucleotides together, via phosphodiester bonds,
to form an mRNA molecule.
7) In eukaryotes, pre-mRNA (containing both introns and exons) is spliced before it leaves the nucleus.
This removes the introns (non-coding regions) and joins together the exons.
8) Chloramphenicol prevents the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids during translation,
so a polypeptide chain (protein) will be unable to form.
TIP
Interesting-ish fact: bacterial ribosomes and eukaryotic ribosomes have slightly different structures. This means
Handy tips on every card.
chloramphenicol can be used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis without affecting human protein synthesis.
Published by CGP
Editors: Luke Bennett, Ellen Burton, Rachael Rogers, Joseph Shaw, Camilla Sheridan, Hayley Thompson.
Contributor: Paddy Gannon.
With thanks to Phil Armstrong and Rachel Kordan for the proofreading.
With thanks to Lottie Edwards for the copyright research.
Card 32 – Rotavirus data © Crown Copyright, Card 39 — Mortality rate data (graph A) source:
Office for National Statistics, PM2.5 emissions data (graph B) © Crown 2020 copyright Defra & BEIS
via naei.beis.gov.uk. All contain public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/
Data on card 45 from P.M. Ridker, et al. ‘Comparison of C-Reactive Protein and Low-Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol Level in the Prediction of First Cardiovascular Events’. NEJM 2002.
BAF71 ~ 1021 - 23435
Clipart from Corel®
Text, design, layout and original illustrations © Coordination Group Publications Ltd. (CGP) 2020.
All rights reserved.
, 1. Carbohydrates (1) Topic 1A — Biological
Molecules
Quick Questions
1) What is a monomer? Give three examples of monomers.
2) What is a disaccharide?
3) Which chemical elements are found in all carbohydrates?
Now try these: CH2OH
H C O OH
4) There are two different isomers of glucose. H
Name the isomer of glucose shown on the right and describe C HO H C
how its structure differs to the other isomer of glucose. HO H
C C
5) What type of reaction breaks down disaccharides? H OH
Explain how this reaction works and give an example of this reaction.
6) The Benedict’s test can be used to test for the presence of sugars. Describe how you would
test for a reducing sugar and what results you would expect to see in a positive test.
7) Describe how you would test for the presence of non-reducing sugars.
Mono- means “one”, di- means "two" and poly- means "many". This makes it easier to remember things like two
TIP
monosaccharides join up to make a disaccharide and that many monosaccharides make up a polysaccharide.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller talhabinzubair2006. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.11. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now