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ORTHODONTICS EXAM 2025 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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ORTHODONTICS EXAM 2025 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS RATED A+
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ORTHODONTICS EXAM 2025 REVIEW WITHCOMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+
Genetic factors influence what aspects of malocclusion? Correct
Answer - Tooth size, shape, and number
- Class III malocclusion
_____ factors are what mostly influence malocclusion. Give
examples. Correct Answer - Environmental/mechanical/functional
factors
- Jaw size, jaw location
What are the 3 mechanical/functional hypotheses for changes in
occlusion? Correct Answer - Habits
- Interferences with normal breathing
- Decreased muscle strength and activity
What is a Class I Malocclusion? In primary dentition, what is the
most common molar classification? Correct Answer - Normal
molar and canine relationship, but teeth are malaligned, in cross-
bite, etc.
- Flush terminal plane (distal step is least common)
,If a child has normal growth and sufficient leeway space, what
Class of occlusion will they grow into? A child with distal step
occlusion will grow into what? Correct Answer - Class I
- Class II
What is the Leeway space? Correct Answer - Also called the E
space, it is 2.5mm of space per side that can be utilized after the
shedding of the primary 2nd molars
Describe the changes in the maxillary arch perimeter as a child
increases in age. Correct Answer - There is an increase in
maxillary arch perimeter as children enter early mixed dentition by
about 4mm
- As children age, the maxillary arch perimiter decreases by 4mm
during late mixed dentition due to mesial drifting of the teeth
- Slight overall increase in perimeter (0.5mm)
Describe the changes in the mandibular arch perimeter as a child
increases in age. Correct Answer - Mandible decreases 4-6mm
during later mixed dentition due to mesial shifting of teeth to close
the space created during the transitional dentition
For a child that has a distal step, with normal growth and
orthodontics, we can get them into Class I occlusion. How?
Correct Answer - If we hold the maxillary E space created by the
exfoliation of the 2nd molars, we can get 2.5mm of space per side
,- During growth, the mandibular arch perimeter decreases 4-6mm
due to mesial shifting of the dentition, allowing the mandibular first
molars to shift more mesial than the maxillary first molars
What provides the best explanation for the changing of molar
relationships between early mixed and permanent dentition?
Correct Answer *- Differential maxillomandibular growth*
- Since there is only about 1mm of difference per side in the
leeway space between the maxilla and the mandible, that is not
enough space to account for the changes seen in molar
relationships
During growth, describe how the maxilla and mandible grow.
Correct Answer - Maxilla grows down and forward
- Mandible grows down and rotates forward, usually outgrowing
the maxilla in 50% of patients
- In patients going from FTP to Class I, increased growth of the
mandible usually is the main factor
_____ is the most common form of malocclusion treated by
orthodontics. Correct Answer - Tooth Size - Arch Length
Discrepancy (TSALD); crowding or spacing
- Amount of space needed - tooth size = TSALD
How is incisor alignment/irregularity measured? Correct Answer -
Linear displacement of 5 anterior anatomic contact points
, - Sum of the five displacements represents the degree of
irregularity
Is TSALD or incisor irregularity a better measurement of
crowding? Correct Answer - *TSALD* is a better measure of
crowding
_____% of the population has a problem with incisor irregularity.
_____% have a severe problem with incisor irregularity. Correct
Answer - 40%
- 17%
As individuals age, the arch length _____. Males experience
greater amounts of crowding due to _____ compared to females.
Correct Answer - Decreases
- Increased length of growth
In Bishara et al., there is a decrease in anterior TSALD after the
age of 25. Why? Correct Answer - Growth of the jaws occurs until
around 25 years; thus, patients younger than 25 years have an
increased risk of TSALD if not placed in retention through the age
of 25
Teeth tend to move __________ into the narrow part of the arch
to become __________. Correct Answer - Mesially
- Crowded and irregular
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