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BIO 182 EXAM 1 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION | ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY$20.99
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BIO 182 EXAM 1 | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | VERIFIED
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION | ARIZONA STATE
UNIVERSITY
What are continuous genes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
traits that are controlled by complex gene expressions, with many different
alleles, often times hundreds of different genes play a factor. The
environment can effect these. E.G. height.
What is heritability? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The
percentage of phenotypic variation determined by the additive effects of the
alleles. E.G. how much will parents' height effect their offspring's height.
True or False #16: A genotype with many alleles that contribute to height
will be taller than a genotype with many alleles that detract from height. -----
----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------true!
True or False #16: A mutation on a sex chromosome is more likely to
create a novel phenotype in a male than in a female. ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------True! The males only have one "X" chromosome
which means that the mutation on the "X" would be more likely to express
the particular allele.
What are sex linked traits in humans? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------
------Example:When the female has recessive alleles and the male has a
dominant allele, only female offspring will have the recessive phenotype.
,What did Sir Ronald Fisher (1890-1962) do for science? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Fisher put together Mendelian genetics and
Darwinian Natural Selection and married the two. He put them together
mathematically in a way that argued that you could take alleles that create
continuous traits and could cause these traits to evolve by natural
selection. Additive Model of Genetics; i.e. Height
True or False #18: A trait with heritability of 25% can evolve more rapidly
than trait with a heritability of 50%. ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------------
--False! Natural Selection requires two things: 1) Phenotypic Selection and
2) Heritability. The more heritability your have the more likely that the trait
can evolve.
Thousands of genes contribute to ________ heritable variations? ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Effects of many alleles sum to cause
continuous heritable variation. (This is why we have the appearance of
"blending", because we do inherit a "blend" of different combinations of the
hundreds of alleles from our two parents that contribute to one trait.)
What is a trait? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A characteristic of
an organism that varies genetically
How do you describe Phenotype? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
-A description of an organisms appearance or behavior
What is a mutation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------An error in
the sequence of nucleotides when copying DNA
,What are alleles? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A form of a
gene that affects the way the organism looks or behaves
What are genotypes? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A set of
alleles that affects the way the organism looks or behaves
How do you describe a Locus? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
The place on a chromosome where a certain gene occurs
What is a gene? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A linear
sequence of DNA that codes for a certain protein
Describe Meiosis? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A process in
which a diploid cell produces four haploid cells
Describe mitosis? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A process in
which a diploid cell produces two diploid cells
What is a chromosome? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A highly
condensed molecule of DNA that codes for many proteins
What is a gamete? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A haploid cell
that develops into a sperm or an egg
, What is a zygote and how is it formed? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------
-------The diploid cell that results from the fertilization of sperm and egg
What is a point mutation (substitution) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------
------a mutation affecting only one or very few nucleotides in a gene
sequence. Most likely to lead to a beneficial new function compared to
other mutations.
What is DNA Polymerase and what is its function? ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------DNA Polymerase is a protein which comes from
DNA and reads, copies, and proof reads DNA. If there is a mutation in the
DNA the DNA Polymerase would be responsible for not correcting it during
proof reading.
What does three nucleotides make? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------------
----A codon which would be transcribed from DNA to mRNA and then
translate mRNA to an Amino Acid which are combined with other Amino
Acids to make a protein.
What is a Insertion mutation (gene)? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------------
----a mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are inserted into a
gene. This results in all the nucleotides after that being pushed down the
line, completely changing the sequence.
What is a deletion mutation? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a
mutation in which one or more pairs of nucleotides are removed from a
gene. This results in the nucleotide sequence being completely messed up.
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