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NTR 401 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update
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NTR 401 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update
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NTR 401 Exam 2 Questions and AnswersLatest Update
nephron - Answer-the functional unit of the kidney consisting of the glomerulus,
Bowman's capsule, proximal and distal tubules, and loop of Henley
osteoclast - Answer-cells in the bone that use hydrochloric acid and proteases to
dissolve bone matrix and mineral
calcitriol is a shorter term for the chemical structure: - Answer-1,25
dihyroxycholecalciferol
phylloquinone - Answer-the chemical form of vitamin K that is synthesized in PLANTS
each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet
except: - Answer-lactose
Each of the following food components reduce the uptake of minerals from the diet -
Answer--oxalic acid
-phytate
-tannins
antidiuretic hormone - Answer-the pituitary hormone that is chiefly responsible for
regulating the amount of water that is excreted by the kidney in response to change in
the osmotic pressure of the blood
Which types of research was used in setting the revised RDA for vitamin D in the 2011
Institute of Medicine report? - Answer--The concentration of 25-OH vitamin D in serum
in healthy and chronic disease states
-The relationship between vitamin D and osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets
-The relationship between vitamin D intake and 25-OH vitamin D in serum
which of the following types of research was used LEAST in setting the revised RDA for
vitamin D in the 2011 institute of Medicine report? - Answer-The relationship between
vitamin D and muscle wasting in the ELDERLY
increased dietary fiber can be associated with decreased serum cholesterol levels
because - Answer-enteroHEPATIC recirculation of bile salts is REDUCED by the bile
salts binding to the fiber
In contrast to osteoporosis, the diseases osteomalacia and rickets are likely to -
Answer-Be caused by low intake of VITAMIN D, not calcium, and be characterized by a
normal volume of bone that is more POORLY mineralized
, Blood pH is least likely to be affected or regulated by which of the following factors? -
Answer-losing excess moisture through the skin by perspiration
The primary route for excretion of small water soluble compounds from the body is -
Answer-In the urine filtered by the kidney
The primary route for excretion of fat soluble compounds from the body is - Answer-
along with bile from the liver
One of the few examples of excretion of intact proteins from the body is - Answer-in the
pancreatic fluid from the exocrine pancreas
the primary route for excretion of volatile hydrophobic compounds and gases from the
body is - Answer-by way of respiratory exchange in the lung
keeping an appropriate quantity of sodium in the blood, sodium concentration in the
blood, and blood pressure involves all of the following hormonal systems and organs
except - Answer-gastrin blockage of sodium absorption in the colon
recent studies show that most people around the world have sodium intake averaging
156 mmol/da, which is significantly greater than the UL and DV on US food labels of
100 mmol/da. A physiological factor that has been hypothesized to explain this result is:
- Answer-Na intake significantly less than 156 mmol/day increases plasma renin activity
to conserve sodium in the body
bones and teeth constitute the largest body storage of ALL of the following minerals
except - Answer-Zinc
the region of bone most commonly fractured in individuals with osteoporosis is -
Answer-Ball (epiphysis) of the femur
The metabolic role of vitamin K that links the physiology of bone development and blood
clotting is: - Answer-adding a SECOND carboxylic acid side chain on glutamic acids in
specific proteins
toxic outcomes from taking in very high levels of supplemental vitamin D include all of
the following except: - Answer-increased colon cancer incidence
the latest RDA for vitamin D in men and women is 600 I.U per day, based upon
_____________ research; however 2000 I.U per day is an intake that may be more
optimum based upon _________ - Answer-bone health; serum 25-OH vitamin D at an
optimum value of 75 nmol/L or 30 nmol/L
Meat is an important dietary source of _____ and ____ due to the functions of these
minerals in muscle tissue - Answer-iron, zinc
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