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PHAR 100 Module 1: Principles of Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers
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PHAR 100 Module 1: Principles of Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers What is a drug? - ANSWER-any substance received by a biological system that is not received for nutritive purposes and influences the biological function of the organism What is pharmacology? - ANSWER-the study of drugs in...

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Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024




PHAR 100 Module 1: Principles of Pharmacology

Exam Questions and Answers


What is a drug? - ANSWER✔✔-any substance received by a biological system that is not received for

nutritive purposes and influences the biological function of the organism


What is pharmacology? - ANSWER✔✔-the study of drugs including their uses, effects, and modes of

action


What are the historical influences on pharmacology? (ancient china, egypt, greece) - ANSWER✔✔-

Ancient China 2700 BC: emperor Shen Nung classified all drugs according to taste


-epinephrine isolated from "Ma Huang" for asthma, decongestant




Ancient Egypt 1550 BC: papyrus used as a textbook on drugs


-mostly purgatives (drugs used to cause bowl movements-senna)




Ancient Greece 380 BC: textbook on therapeutics including opium


-isolated morphine from opium to relieve intense pain


-opium contains codiene


What was the influence of religion on pharmacology? - ANSWER✔✔-doctors were both physicians and

priests


Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 1/20

,Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


-therapies were heavily influenced by religion and magic


-peyote cactus was used to reach a mystical state


What are 3 poisons that resulted in the development of drugs? - ANSWER✔✔-1)Curare: used as a poison

to cause paralysis and death, used as a drug for anesthesia during surgery




2)Ergot: poisons fungus that grows on rye heads


-ergot poisoning resulted in hallucination, violent uterine contractions. constricts blood vessels


-used as a drug Ergotamine as a therapy for migraines


-used as a drug Ergonovine to stop uterine bleeding after child birth




3)Zinc oxide: medically toxic, now important in many medical creams


What are 3 drugs that act on the brain involved in early drug discovery? - ANSWER✔✔-1)Reserpine and

Chlorpromazine:


-extract of rauwolfia plant


-used to reduce tension and anxiety


-resperine was given to dogs that were aggressive and they became placid


-chlorpromazine is more preferred modernly to respirine for anxiety




2)LSD:


Copyright ©Stuvia International BV 2010-2024 Page 2/20

, Copyright © KAYLIN 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH NOVEMBER, 2024


-synthesized by Hofmann from ergot


-psychedelic effects




3)Anaesthetics:


-Nitrous oxide: laughing gas used in tooth extraction


-Ether: Faraday found that ether had similar properties to nitrous oxide and and be used as an anesthetic

in surgeries


What are 4 drugs that act against infectious disease and who discovered them? - ANSWER✔✔-

1)Organoarsenicals: Paul Erlich designed arsenic and organic materials that selectively bind to parasites


-father of chemotherapy


-lead to cure for syphilis




2)Sulfa Drugs: Gerhard Domagk indroduced sulpha drugs


-first antibacterial




3)Penecillin: Alexander Fleming discovered first antibiotic


-first gram positive bacterial therapy




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