Teaching-learning theory based on active learning, "doing is learning", taking ownership, being self-
aware, is learner-focsued, marked by reflection and actions--"learning is built by the learner" - Answer-
Constructivism
Theory that states knowledge must be interesting to the learner and make sense personally to the
learner; grounded in past experiences. Can occur face to face and online - Answer-Theory of Meaningful
Learning
Teaching learning theory that surrounds behavior modification and classroom management; positive
reinforcement used to encourage acceptable behavior; "lockstep" curriculum and objectives; faculty
decides on the educational experience - Answer-Behaviorism
What are Carper's 4 ways of knowing? What is the 5th way of knowing? - Answer-1. Empirical /scientific
knowledge
2. Personal knowing (how you would feel in the patient's position)
3.Ethical knowledge -understanding moral decisions
4. Aesthetic- understanding the situation of the patient at the moment
, 5. Unknowing- understanding that the nurse cannot know everything about the patient and must learn
from the patient's perspective
Which of Benner's five levels of nursing proficiency describes a nurse who relies on general rules to help
perform tasks, uses rules that are context free and universally applied, and has limited and inflexible
behavior? - Answer-Novice- a beginner with no experience
Which of Benner's stages of proficiency refers to a person who has gained prior experience in actual
situations and can recognize some patterns and uses principles based on experiences that are to be
formulated to guide action? - Answer-Advanced beginner- a person who is at the point of
demonstrating acceptable performance
Which of Benner's stages of profiency refers to a person who has had experience in their role for 2-3
years and is aware of long term goals, has perspective about planning care with conscious, abstract, and
analytical thinking and has greater efficiency and organization? - Answer-Competent
Which of Benner's stages of proficiency refers to a person who understands situations and patient
holistically and has improved decision makign, and can be flexible and modify plans, and learns what to
expect in certain situations? - Answer-Proficient
Which of Benner's stages refers to a person who no longer relies on principles, rules, or guidelines to
understand patient needs and determine actions and has an intuitive grasp of practice situations and is
highly flexible and proficient? - Answer-Expert
What are Benner's five levels of nursing expertise? - Answer-Novice
Advanced Beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
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