Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia is most commonly caused by
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
B. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C. Haemophilus influenzae
D. Staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER A
The most common cause of a persistent cough in children of all ages is
A. an allergy
B. recurrent viral bronchitis
C. asthma
D. an upper respiratory infection - ANSWER B
What is the normal respiratory rate of an 18 month old child while awake?
A. 58 to 75 breaths per minute
B. 30 to 40 breaths per minute
C. 23 to 42 breaths per minute
D. 19 to 36 breaths per minute - ANSWER B
When teaching clients about the use of steroid inhalers fro asthma or COPD, the
following must be included in the teaching.
A. Store the inhaler in the refrigerator
B. Do not use a second inhaler for 10 minutes following the use of the steroid inhaler
,C. Rinsing your mouth after the use of the inhaler
D. Do not shake the container before use - ANSWER C
About 50% of children with viral croup have a(an)
A. aspirated foreign body
B. x-ray showing a tapered symmetric subglottic narrowing
C. concurrent epiglottitis
D. history of allergic rhinitis - ANSWER B
What is the term for the horizontal groove in the rib cage at the level of the diaphragm
that extends from the sternum to the midaxillary line and occurs as a normal finding in
some children and also in children with rickets?
A. The sternal groove
B. The rickettsial groove
C. The manubrial groove
D. Harrison's groove - ANSWER D
Martin, a 76-year-old male, has just been diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the
following indicates that he needs to be admitted?
A. Inability to take oral medications and multilobar involvement on CXR
B. Being alert and oriented with slightly elevated but stable vital signs and no one to
take care of him at home
C. Sputum Gram stain with gram-positive organisms
D. A CBC showing leukocytosis - ANSWER A
The well-established risk factor(s) for a nosocomial pneumonia caused by a
multidrug-resistant organism is (are) - ANSWER A. antibiotic exposure and a hospital
stay of more than 1 week
, You have been counseling your client about her asthma. You realize she does not
understand your suggestions when she tells you that she will no which of the following?
A. Cover the mattress and pillows in airtight, dustproof covers
B. Wash bedding weekly in hot water and heat-dry for 20 minutes
C. Do not sleep on natural fiber bedding like wool or down
D. Open the window and let the room air out daily - ANSWER D
Which of the following workers are at risk for developing pneumoconiosis? - ANSWER
Coal miners
Jill is 49 years old and reports having symptoms of asthma daily. She uses her inhaled
short-acting beta-2 agonist daily. Her exacerbations affect her activities, and they occur
at least twice weekly and may last for days. She is affected more than once weekly
during the night with an exacerbation. In what category of asthma severity does Jill fall?
- ANSWER Moderate persistent
To facilitate breathing, clients with COPD often sit in - ANSWER tripod position
A chronic cough in children is most commonly caused by
A. asthma
B. a postinfection
C. a postnasal drip
D. an irritant - ANSWER B
Which of the following peripharyngeal upper respiratory tract infections is seen most
frequently in children between 2 and 5 years?
A. Peritonsillar abscess
B. Epiglottitis
C. Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
D. Bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER B
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