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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY EXAM #1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY EXAM #1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY EXAM #1STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Willhelm Wundt - Answer-First person to establish a psychology laboratory in Leipzig,
Germany in 1879.
He was a physiologist and philosopher.
Structuralism - Answer-Used introspective to explore the structural elements of the
human mind
Functionalism - Answer-Focused on how our mental and behavioral processes
function-- how they enable us to adapt, survive and flourish
Sigmund Freud - Answer--A psychiatrist
-An Austrian physician
-He and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its
effects on human behavior. He attempted to cure female victims of hysteria through
speaking to them`
Psychologists in the 1920's-1960's - Answer-Many pioneering psychologists such as
Freud, Piaget, Watson, Rogers, and Maslow
Behaviorists - Answer--Objective
-Watson and later Skinner, emphasized the study of overt behavior as the subject
matter of scientific psychology
-Between 1920 and 1960, these were the top "psychologists" and gained or lost respect
from the rest of the scientific community
B.F. Skinner - Answer-Most famous Behaviorist
Humanistic Psychology - Answer-Maslow and Rogers emphasized current
environmental influences on our growth potential and our NEED FOR LOVE AND
ACCEPTANCE
Psychology today - Answer-The scientific study of behavior and our mental processes
Psychology is... - Answer-A combo of anatomy and philosophy
Nature vs. Nurture - Answer-The argument over whether the way you are raised
overpowers your human nature, or vice versa
Psychology's 3 Levels of Analysis - Answer-1. Biological Influences
, 2. Psychological Influences
3. Social-cultural Influences
Examples of Biological Influences - Answer-Genetic predispositions, genetic mutations,
genes and responding to the environment
Examples of Psychological Influences - Answer-Learned fears and expectations,
Emotional responses, Cognitive processing and perceptual interpretations
Examples o Social-Cultural Influences - Answer-Presence of others, Cultural, societal,
family expectations, peer and other group influences, compelling models such as the
media
The Bio Psychosocial Model is - Answer-A combination of Biological, Psychological,
and Social factors
Ex: Lori is depressed because she has a genetic predisposition, has been sad for the
past 6 months, because of stress at work and the loss of a loved one.
Behaviorist School of Psychology - Answer-attributed largely by Watson, Pavlov and
Skinner
-All behaviors are learned through reward and punishment pairings
Humanistic School of Psychology - Answer--Says humans are unique and good and
possess an inner ability to change: free will and growth are important
-Motivation based on hierarchy of needs
Person-Centered Therapy - Answer-Therapy in which the patient directs therapy and
others support helps the patient become better
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic School of Psychology - Answer--Developed by Freud,
and believed our unconscious mind shapes our thoughts and behaviors
-Believes that childhood is the most important point of development
-Ex: anal retentive or anal repulsive
Cognitive School of Psychology - Answer--We interpret the environment around us
-Behaviors are based on the perception of the world
-Thoughts shape feelings, which shape behaviors
Biological (physiological) School of Psychology - Answer--Investigates how specific
physiological processes explain individual differences
-Describe how internal biological events interact with the environment
Hindsight Bias - Answer-The "I-knew-it-all-along" phenomenon
Vivid Cases - Answer-People fail to make accurate generalizations because they are
unduly influenced by vivid cases such as Jersey Shore
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