UOG PHIL 1010 Final Exam Review Questions And Answers Rated A+
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Course
UOG PHIL 1010
Institution
UOG PHIL 1010
UOG PHIL 1010 Final Exam Review Questions And Answers Rated A+
Utilitarianism ANS Account of human welfare or utility, Instruction to maximize utility, giving equal weight to each person's utility
Distinction Between Standard of Rightness and Decision Procedure ANS People should keep promises...
UOG PHIL 1010 Final Exam Review Questions And
Answers Rated A+
Utilitarianism ANS Account of human welfare or utility, Instruction to maximize utility, giving
equal weight to each person's utility
Distinction Between Standard of Rightness and Decision Procedure ANS People should keep
promises and respect rights. Should not be U-Agents using utilitarian calculations reasons for actions.
Promises and rights should be of such importance that they are incurable to social interest
calculations.
Political Impact of Utilitarianism In Its Early Days vs Contemporary Society ANS Early Days -
practises were the product not reason, but of feudal superstition, progressive and reform minded,
commitment to secularism and maximization (enhance rights of majority) Contemporary -
surprisingly conformists, rights force majority to accept policies not in the interest of majority
Rawl's Theory of Justice ANS All social primary goods equally distributed, Remove inequalities
which disadvantage others, Protect basic liberties.
Original Position ANS Equality as moral persons, No one knows their place in society (class,
social position, fortune in terms of assets, abilities, intelligence, strengths and so on), Max-Min
strategy.
Primary Goods ANS Certain things needed to pursue the ideal life.
Social Primary Goods - directly distributed by social institutions (income, wealth) Natural Primary
Goods - health, itelligence, vigour, imagination and natural talents, affected by social institutions but
not distributed by them
Dworkin's Insurance to Compensate For Inequalities of Natural Primary Goods ANS They start
off in the original position with equal resources. Everyone can choose how much of the resources to
spend on insurance against having inequalities. Income tax would be used to pay out insurances, and
everyone must buy it.
, Dworkin's Idea of an Auction To Distribute Social Primary Goods ANS All resources are up for
sale. Equal Purchasing Power. Bid for resources which best suit their lifestyle. Rerun if it does not
work out. Everyone should prefer their bundle over another's (Envy Test). Each person pays for their
choices.
Nozick's Claim That Theory of Just Holdings Requires 3 Principles ANS Transfer - what
acquired can be justly acquired. Initial Acquisition - account of how people come initially to own
things which can be transferred according to (one). Rectification of Injustice - how to deal with
holdings if they were unjustly acquired or transferred.
Why Distribution of Wealth is Unjust On Nozick's Theory ANS Capitalists have no right to
deprive workers of access to resources. Should redistribute wealth. Unjustly taken wealth from
others.
Skepticism About Morality ANS Nothing right or wrong in people's actions. Better to refrain
from harming others if others also refrain from harming me.
No point to waste resources defending if we can be in stable cooperation.
If actions rejected of moral status, moral constraints must be artificial, rest on advantageous
conventions.
Prisoner's Dilemma ANS Not confessing is the collectively rational choice, while confessing is
the individually rational choice.
Morality As Enlightened Self-Interest ANS Should be countersigned by morality as defined by
mutually advantageous conventions.
Ought to follow these conventions if others trusted to.
Obligations before self-interest.
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