Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) Biology Unit: 4BI1 Paper: 2BR QP + MARKSCHEME JUNE 2024
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Course
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Biology U
Institution
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Biology U
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Friday 7 June 2024
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 15 minutes) 4BI1/2BR Paper
reference
Total Marks
Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Paper: 2BR
You must have:
Calculator, ruler
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• If pencil is used for diagrams/sket...
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) Biology Unit:
4BI1 Paper: 2BR QP + MARKSCHEME JUNE 2024
, Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1)
Friday 7 June 2024
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 15 minutes) Paper
reference 4BI1/2BR
Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Paper: 2BR
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator, ruler
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
If pencil is used for diagrams/sketches/graphs it must be dark (HB or B).
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 70.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
, Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
1 Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own
knowledge to answer the questions that follow.
Offshore or freshwater fish farming
Fish farming in fresh water and in the sea offers the potential to increase the amount
of fish harvested whilst protecting wild fish stocks. Offshore or fish farming at sea has
less risk of serious injury or death to people than catching fish by deep sea fishing.
Some scientists predict that smart fish farming at sea could increase ocean fish
production by an estimated 21 million tonnes from the 2020 value to 44 million 5
tonnes by 2050. Other estimates suggest that fish farming at sea, using an area the
size of Lake Michigan, might produce the same amount of seafood as all of the
world’s wild-caught fisheries.
Fish farming at sea is done anywhere from three to 200 miles away from the coast. The
fish produced are often Atlantic salmon, seabass and cobia. The aim is to reduce the 10
environmental impact of fish farming near the coast by moving them further away
from sensitive shorelines. This limits the impact of disease, pollution and pests such as
sea lice. Further out to sea, and at deeper depths, the water movement is often faster.
Critics of fish farming at sea claim that it will be more difficult to monitor and regulate
any environmental impact and that pollution, disease and pests would still impact 15
the surrounding waters. A major risk of farming at sea is the exposure to high winds
and water speeds, increasing the risk of all the fish escaping. In 1997, 300 000 farmed
Atlantic salmon escaped into the Pacific Ocean. Wild fish are attracted to the farms by
the scent of fish food. These wild fish are at risk of being hit by ships travelling to and
from the large fish farms. 20
In contrast, other scientists support the development of fish farming in fresh water.
Freshwater fish farms have increased in numbers steadily in the past 30 years. Asia is
the main part of the world where this has happened. It is relatively cheap and easy to
grow freshwater fish in small ponds. Fish farming provides incomes for many family
farms, workers and small businesses, as well as jobs. 25
2
, The main species produced by freshwater farming are carp, tilapia and catfish. These
fish are herbivores or omnivores. In the farms they are fed small amounts of fish to
speed up growth, but their main diet is the by-products of crops like rice, groundnut
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
and soy. Farmed freshwater fish are an affordable food for millions of low- and
middle-income consumers. 30
(a) Suggest why deep sea fishing has a risk of serious injury or death to people.
(lines 2 to 3)
(1)
(b) Give three reasons why the scientists’ prediction of an increase in ocean fish
production to 44 million tonnes by 2050 is only an estimate. (lines 4 to 6)
(3)
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