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NUR 242 Exam 2 Practice Questions And Accurate Complete Solutions.
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List the parts of the chain of infection (in order): - Answer - infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host infectious agent - Answer something that contains bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite(s), or prion(s) reservoir - A...

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  • November 6, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
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NUR 242 Exam 2 Practice Questions And
Accurate Complete Solutions.
List the parts of the chain of infection (in order): - Answer - infectious agent

- reservoir

- portal of exit

- mode of transmission

- portal of entry

- susceptible host



infectious agent - Answer something that contains bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite(s), or prion(s)



reservoir - Answer the habitat of the infectious agent and is where it lives, grows, and reproduces itself
or replicates



animate examples: people, insects, birds, animals



inanimate examples: contaminated soil, water, food, medical equipment, IV fluids, feces



portal of exit - Answer the means by which the infectious agent can leave the reservoir



examples: any body orifice (ears, nose, or mouth), the skin, or blood or body fluids that leave the body
through coughing, sneezing, etc.



mode of transmission - Answer how a bacteria, virus, fungus, parasite, or prion moves from place to
place



contact transmission - Answer occurs when microorganisms move from an infected person to another
person

,droplet transmission - Answer occurs when airborne droplets from the respiratory tract of a client
travel through the air and into the mucosa of a host



can be from sneezing, coughing, singing, and talking



medical procedures like CPR and intubation can release droplets into the air



airborne transmission - Answer occurs when small particulates move into the airspace of another
person and carry infectious agents



these patients should be placed in a private room with negative air pressure (circulates the air outside of
the building)



portal of entry - Answer provides a place for an infectious agent to enter the individual so it can
replicate or its toxin can act



examples: any body orifice or the skin



List factors that increase host susceptibility (8): - Answer - age

- underlying disease (like HIV/AIDS)

- malignancy

- transplants

- medications (like immunosuppressants, antirejection meds, etc.)

- surgical procedures

- radiation therapy

- indwelling devices (like urinary catheters, central lines, etc.)



List the modes of transmission (5): - Answer - contact

- droplet

- airborne

,- vector

- vehicle



vehicle transmission - Answer transmission of infectious agents to multiple individuals through a
common source, such as contaminated food or water



example: food contaminated with e. coli



vector transmission - Answer transmission of infectious agents through animals, such as an inset or
rodent



examples: mosquitoes and rats



Who can be a susceptible host? (4) - Answer - elderly

- infants

- immunocompromised

- anyone



What are the 2 types of contact transmission? - Answer - direct

- indirect



direct contact - Answer transmission occurs when microorganisms are directly moved from the
infected person to another person without having a contaminated object or person between the 2



indirect contact - Answer transmission occurs when microorganisms are moved from the infected
person to another person with a contaminated object or person between the 2



List infections caused by airborne transmission (3): - Answer - tuberculosis

- rubeola (measles)

- varicella (chickenpox)

, List 2 infections spread through droplet transmission: - Answer - influenza virus

- Bordetella pertussis



What type of transmission is the following an example of?



A patient has a draining, infected wound. The drainage touches a cut on the nurse's skin, leading to
infection. - Answer direct contact transmission



What type of transmission is the following an example of?



A patient who has a respiratory infection sneezes without covering the mouth and nose. A person a few
feet away becomes infected because large mucus particles land in their mouth. - Answer droplet
transmission



What type of transmission is the following an example of?



A patient who coughed in their hand touches a door handle. Another person touches the same door
handle and becomes infected with the same pathogen as the patient. - Answer indirect contact
transmission



What type of transmission is the following an example of?



A nurse enters a room where a patient who has a respirator infection was present for several hours. The
nurse inhales small particles that remain in the air and develops an infection. - Answer airborne
transmission



What are the 3 types of body defenses? - Answer - barriers (physical or chemical)

- nonspecific immunity

- specific immunity

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