Pharmacology Hesi Exam Questions With Complete
Solutions
A 19-year-old male client who has sustained a severe head
injury is intubated and placed on assisted mechanical
ventilation. To facilitate optimal ventilation and prevent the
client from "fighting" the ventilator, the health care provider
administers pancuronium bromide (Pavulon) IV, with adjunctive
opioid analgesia. What medication should the nurse maintain at
the client's bedside? Correct Answer Neostigmine bromide
(Prostigmin) and atropine sulfate (Atropine), both
anticholinergic drugs, reverse the respiratory muscle paralysis
caused by pancuronium bromide.
A 26-year-old primigravida client is experiencing increasing
discomfort and anxiety during the active phase of labor. She
requests something for pain. Which analgesic should the nurse
anticipate administering? Correct Answer Butorphanol
(Stadol)--is a mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic resulting in
good analgesia but with less respiratory depression, nausea, and
vomiting compared with opioid agonist analgesics
A 67-year-old client has tested positive for influenza A. The
client also has asthma. Which drug would the nurse recommend
be avoided in this client?
,A child with cystic fibrosis is receiving ticarcillin disodium
(Ticar) for Pseudomonas pneumonia. For which adverse effect
should the nurse assess and report promptly to the health care
provider? Correct Answer Petichiae
A client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease has received a prescription for a
medication that is delivered via a nebulizer. When teaching
about use of the nebulizer, the nurse should teach the client to do
what?
1 Hold the breath while spraying the medication into the mouth.
2 Position the lips loosely around the mouthpiece and take rapid,
shallow breaths.
3 Seal the lips around the mouthpiece and breathe in and out,
taking slow, deep breaths.
4 Inhale the medication from the nebulizer, remove the
mouthpiece from the mouth, and then exhale. Correct Answer
3
A client develops a fever after surgery. Ceftriaxone is
prescribed. For which potential adverse effect should the nurse
monitor the client?
1 Dehydration
2 Heart failure
3 Constipation
4 Allergic response Correct Answer 4
A client has an anaphylactic reaction after receiving intravenous
penicillin. What does the nurse conclude is the cause of this
reaction?
,1 An acquired atopic sensitization occurred.
2 There was passive immunity to the penicillin allergen.
3 Antibodies to penicillin developed after a previous exposure.
4 Potent antibodies were produced when the infusion was
instituted Correct Answer 3
A client has severe diarrhea, and the health care provider
prescribes intravenous fluids, sodium bicarbonate, and an
antidiarrheal medication. Which drug does the nurse expect the
health care provider to prescribe?
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute
pancreatitis. The health care provider's prescriptions include
nothing by mouth and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The
nurse explains that the TPN therapy provides what benefit?
1 Is the easiest method for administering needed nutrition
2 Is the safest method for meeting the client's nutritional
requirements
3 Will satisfy the client's hunger without the discomfort
associated with eating
4 Will meet the client's nutritional needs without causing the
discomfort precipitated by eating Correct Answer 4
, A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of an
exacerbation of asthma. What should the nurse plan to do to best
help this client?
1 Determine the client's emotional state.
2 Give prescribed drugs to promote bronchiolar dilation.
3 Provide education about the impact of a family history.
4 Encourage the client to use an incentive spirometer routinely
Correct Answer 2
A client is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which insulin
should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe?
A client is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the
healthcare provider prescribes a combination of rifampin and
isoniazid. The nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding the
drug is effective when the client reports which action as most
important?
1 "Report any changes in vision."
2 "Take the medicine with my meals."
3 "Call my doctor if my urine or tears turn red-orange."
4 "Continue taking the medicine even after I feel better. Correct
Answer 4
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