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BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM 1REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Primate - Answer-Member of the mammalian order Primates, including prosmians,
monkeys, apes, and humans, defined by a suite of anatomical and behavioral traits
Evolution - Answer-A change in the frequency of a gene or a trait in a population over
multiple generations
Biological anthropology - Answer-The study of humans as biological organisms,
considered in an evolutionary framework; sometimes called physical anthropology
(origin of modern species/biological variation)
Hominin - Answer-A member of the primate family Hominidae, distinguished by bipedal
posture and, in more recently evolved species, a large brain
Adaptation - Answer-A trait that increases the reproductive success of an organism,
produced by natural selection in the context of a particular environment
Anthropology - Answer-The study of humankind in a cross-cultural context...includes
cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, archaeology, and biological anthropology
(in all times and places)
Culture - Answer-The sum total of learned traditions, values and beliefs that groups of
people (and a few species of highly-intelligent animals) possess
Biocultural anthropology - Answer-The study of the interaction between biology and
culture, which plays a role in most human traits
Cultural anthropology - Answer-The study of human societies in a cross-cultural context;
the subdivision that includes ethnology, archaeology, and linguistics (all aspects of
human behavior)
Ethnology - Answer-The study of human societies, their traditions, rituals, beliefs, and
the differences between societies in these traits
Ethnography - Answer-The practice of cultural anthropology; Studying the minute to
minute workings of human societies; especially non-Western
Linguistic anthropology - Answer-The comparative study of language, its origins, and
use in culture; also called anthropological linguistics; acquisition in infancy and
childhood
, Archaeology - Answer-The study of the material culture of past peoples
Artifacts - Answer-The objects, from tools to art, left by earlier generations of people
Material culture - Answer-The objects or artifacts of past human societies
Paleoanthropology - Answer-The study of the fossil record of ancestral humans and
their primate kin
Osteology - Answer-The study of the skeleton
Paleopathology - Answer-The study of diseases in ancestral human populations
Bioarchaeology - Answer-The study of human remains in an archaeological context
Forensic anthropology - Answer-The study of human remains applied to legal context
Primatology - Answer-The study of the nonhuman primates and their anatomy, genetics,
behavior, and ecology
Human biology - Answer-Human growth and development, adaptation to environment
extremes and human genetics
Physical anthropology - Answer-The study of humans as biological organisms,
considered in an evolutionary framework
Observation - Answer-Gathering of scientific information by watching a phenomenon
Deduction - Answer-A conclusion that follows logically from a set of observations
Hypothesis - Answer-A preliminary explanation of a phenomenon; Formation is the first
step of the scientific method
Experimentation - Answer-Testing a hypothesis
Data - Answer-Scientific evidence produced by an experiment or by observation, from
which scientific conclusions are made
Scientific method - Answer-Standard scientific research procedure in which a
hypothesis is stated, data are collected to test it, and the hypothesis is either supported
or refuted
Falsifiable - Answer-Able to be shown to be false
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