SIHD Review Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
How many people in the US have cardiovascular disease? - ANSWERS92 million
How many Americans have CV related mortality? - ANSWERS1/3
How many people have CHD? - ANSWERS20.1 million
How many people have angina? - ANSWERS11 million
What...
How many people in the US have cardiovascular disease? - ANSWERS92 million
How many Americans have CV related mortality? - ANSWERS1/3
How many people have CHD? - ANSWERS20.1 million
How many people have angina? - ANSWERS11 million
What percent of CV mortality is preventable? - ANSWERS80%
What is true of CHD? - ANSWERS->50% over age 60
->80% over age 80
CHD increases with... - ANSWERSage
Approximately...of patients with IHD initially present with angina - ANSWERS50%
Arteriosclerosis - ANSWERShardening of the arteries
What terms are related to atherosclerosis? - ANSWERS-arteriosclerosis
-artery plaque buildup
What are some manifestation of atherosclerosis? - ANSWERS-silent ischemia
-acute coronary syndrome (ACS)/unstable angina
,-vasospastic angina
-heart failure
-arrhythmias
-cerebrovascular disease (stroke)
-peripheral artery disease
-chronic stable aninga
Silent Ischemia - ANSWERS-asymptomatic
-detected by ECG or ECHO
-~80% ischemic episodes in patients with known IHD
What is also known as variant or prinzmetal's angina? - ANSWERSvasospastic angina
Chronic stable angina - ANSWERS-angina pectoris
-generally in patients with significant CAD
-transient discomfort
-heavy pressure in chest, shoulder, arm, or jaw
-relieved by rest or NTG
-aggravated by stress
-differentiate from non-cardiac source
What is IHD? - ANSWERS-syndrome of insufficient oxygenation of myocardial tissue (demand>supply)
-may be referred to as SIHD, CAD, CHD, ASCVD
-significant CAD (>=70% stenosis of at least 1 major epicardial artery or >=50% stenosis of left main
coronary artery)
What are the major coronary arteries? - ANSWERS-left mainstem artery
-right coronary artery
-left anterior descending branch (LAD)
, -left circumflex artery
What are the risk factors for mortality of IHD? - ANSWERS-number of vessels obstructed
-presence of heart failure
-smoking
-left main disease or left main equivalent
-diabetes mellitus
-prior MI
In angina pectoris, myocardial oxygen...does not equal... - ANSWERSdemand; supply
What influences myocardial oxygen demand? - ANSWERS-heart rate
-myocardial contractility
-intramyocardial wall tension (blood pressure)
What influences myocardial oxygen supply? - ANSWERS-coronary blood flow
-lumen diameter (auto regulation of vessel constriction and dilation)
-atherosclerotic plaque (>50-70%)
-heart rate and systole
What is used for clinical evaluation of chest pain? - ANSWERSPQRST
P in PQRST - ANSWERS-precipitating factors or palliative measures
-precipitated by exertion, cold, walking after meal, emotional upset, fright, anger, coitus
-relieved by rest or NTG
Q in PQRST - ANSWERS-quality of pain
-squeezing, crushing, heaviness, tightness, numbness, or burning
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