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15.3 Applications of Genetic Engineering Exam Questions and Answers
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15.3 Applications of Genetic Engineering Exam Questions and Answers
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15.3 Applications of Genetic EngineeringExam Questions and Answers
Agriculture and Industry - Answer-Genetic engineers work to improve the products we
get from plants and animals.
GM Crops - Answer-Genetically modified crops may be more nutritious or higher
yielding.
-They may be resistant to insects, diseases, or spoilage. Some can produce plastics.
GM Animals - Answer-Genetically modified animals may produce more milk, have
leaner meat, or contain higher levels of nutritious compounds.
-Transgenic salmon grow rapidly in captivity.
-Transgenic goats produce spider silk in their milk.
Health and Medicine - Answer-Recombinant DNA studies are leading to advances in
the prevention and treatment of disease.
Examples include:
-vitamin-rich rice
-human proteins made in animals
-animal models of human disease (for research)
-bacteria that produce human insulin
Gene Therapy - Answer-Gene therapy is the process of changing a gene to treat a
disorder.
-However, gene therapy is still an experimental and high-risk technique.
Genetic Testing - Answer-Genetic testing can identify hundreds of inherited disorders.
DNA Microarray - Answer-DNA microarray technology lets scientists study thousands of
genes at once to determine their activity level.
-Not all genes are active in every cell.
DNA Fingerprinting - Answer-DNA fingerprinting analyzes sections of DNA that may
have little or no function but that vary from one individual to another.
Forensics - Answer-DNA fingerprinting is used in forensics—the scientific study of
crime-scene evidence— to identify criminals.
-It is also used to identify the biological father when paternity is in question.
mDNA - Answer-Common ancestry can sometimes be determined using mitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome analysis.
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