BIO 152 Exam 3 Study Guide Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
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Course
BIO 152
Institution
BIO 152
BIO 152 Exam 3 Study Guide Questions
and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025
| Rated A+
What is the role of the central vacuole in plant cells?
The central vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products, and helps maintain turgor
pressure in the plant cell.
What is the importance ...
BIO 152 Exam 3 Study Guide Questions
and Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025
| Rated A+
What is the role of the central vacuole in plant cells?
✔✔The central vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products, and helps maintain turgor
pressure in the plant cell.
What is the importance of crossing over during meiosis?
✔✔Crossing over increases genetic variation by exchanging genetic material between
homologous chromosomes
What is the purpose of the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration?
✔✔The citric acid cycle generates high-energy molecules (NADH and FADH2) and ATP while
releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.
What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
✔✔Simple diffusion does not require energy or membrane proteins, while facilitated diffusion
requires membrane proteins to help move substances across the membrane.
1
,What type of macromolecule are enzymes, and what is their role in cellular processes?
✔✔Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
What type of cells are produced by meiosis?
✔✔Gametes (sperm and egg cells in animals, and pollen and ovules in plants).
How is ATP synthesized in the mitochondria during cellular respiration?
✔✔ATP is synthesized through oxidative phosphorylation, where a proton gradient powers ATP
synthase to add phosphate groups to ADP.
What is the main difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
✔✔The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it and is involved in protein
synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.
What happens to the number of chromosomes after meiosis?
✔✔The number of chromosomes is halved, resulting in haploid cells with half the chromosome
number of the parent cell.
2
, What occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?
✔✔During G1, the cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for DNA replication
in the S phase.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of the number of daughter cells
produced?
✔✔Mitosis results in two genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four
genetically distinct daughter cells.
What happens during the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
✔✔The cell checks for errors in DNA replication and prepares for mitosis.
What type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA molecule together?
✔✔Hydrogen bond
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in both plant and animal cells?
✔✔Mitochondrion
3
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