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PNCB Prep: Musculoskeletal – Questions And Answers
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PNCB Prep: Musculoskeletal – Questions And Answers
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PNCB Prep: Musculoskeletal – Questions And AnswersWhat factors MOST influence bone growth? Right Ans - - Nutrition
- Hormones
Why is it important to compare the bones and muscles from side to side?
Right Ans - - To look for symmetry (expected)
- To determine if asymmetry is physiologic or pathologic
In a newborn assessment, what special tests are especially important in
screening for musculoskeletal problems? Right Ans - Screening for
developmental hip dysplasia:
- Galeazzi test
- Symmetry of gluteal/thigh folds
- Ortolani's maneuver
Joint crepitus is commonly detected by: Right Ans - Palpating the joint and
surrounding tissue while putting the joint through full range of motion.
The parent of an 18-month-old is concerned about the child's bowed legs and
that he falls alot. What is the most likely diagnosis? Right Ans - Physiologic
genu varum
- this is a common and normal finding in a toddler
When treating a child for growing pains, what guidance is important to
include? Right Ans - Reassurance that growing pains are NOT pathologic.
They are normal. The child will eventually outgrow growing pains.
Walking/gait will NOT be affected. There is no need to limit activity.
Observing a 10yo child stepping on and off a scale to be weighed is a simple
way to partially screen for: Right Ans - Balance and proprioception
What are the consequences of inadequate calcium intake in a child? Right
Ans - Vitamin D deficiency (Rickets)
Three common etiologies of "in-toeing": Right Ans - i. Internal tibial torsion
ii. Metatarsus adductus
, iii. Femoral anteversion
Gower sign is seen in children with: Right Ans - Duchenne's muscular
dystrophy
An injury at which site of long bones will most likely result in a bone length
discrepancy? Right Ans - Epiphysis (ends of long bone)
- Epiphyseal plates are where blood supply enters and where bone growth
occurs. If blood supply is compromised, growth is jeopardized.
Growth in muscle length is related to: Right Ans - Growth in length of
underlying bone
A child has genu valgum angle of greater than 15 degrees. They do not like to
wear shorts because of how their knees look. What changes in observations
may warrant a referral? Right Ans - Valgus up to 15 degrees is common
through the to 8 or 9 years old. Persistence beyond this age may lead to
problems and degenerative changes and requires a referral.
What is the appropriate treatment for genu varum (bowed leg) in a 15 month
old child? Right Ans - No treatment necessary.
- This is a normal finding up until 18 months old
PE of a 2-week-old reveals irritability when lifted, asymmetrical Moro reflex,
and spasm along the right sternocleidomastoid. Findings are suggestive of:
Right Ans - Fractured clavicle
Classic signs of a fractured clavicle include: Right Ans - -
Spasm/contracture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Asymmetrical moro reflex
A child with growing pains is most likely to experience: Right Ans -
Bilateral lower extremity pain particularly during periods of rapid growth
A child with a vitamin D deficiency is at risk for: Right Ans - Rickets
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