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Exam (elaborations)

STA 210 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update

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  • STA 210
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  • STA 210

Explain how slippery evidence affects human inference? At first glance we infer one thing, but with further review we see something else is true. Why is it important to critically read news articles, and why should we be careful about spreading information we are not confident about? We ne...

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  • November 7, 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • STA 210
  • STA 210
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STA 210 Questions and Correct Answers
the Latest Update
Explain how slippery evidence affects human inference?


✓ At first glance we infer one thing, but with further review we see something else is
true.



Why is it important to critically read news articles, and why should we be

careful about spreading information we are not confident about?


✓ We need to critically read to make sure that what we are reading is true.



Explain the difference between Correlation and Causation.


✓ Correlation is a straight line association between two things, it is visual.
✓ Causation is when one thing causes the other.



What is the link between a lurking variable and confounding?


✓ Lurking variables cause confounding.



How are lurking variables related to Simpson's Paradox?


✓ Lurking variables can cause Simpson's Paradox to occur. We need to split the table
up by the lurking variable.



Objects


✓ Usually are described by a set or data. They could be: people, animals, ice cream
flavors, plants, fish, car.

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Variables


✓ any characteristic of an individual.
✓ -a variable can take on different values for different individuals.



Numerical variable


✓ anything you describe with numbers. example: speed, age, price, number of elevators
in a building.



Categorical variables


✓ anything you describe with quality. example: gender, make of a car, ice cream flavor.



Observational Studies


✓ -Observes individuals and measures variables of interest.
✓ -Hands off.
✓ -The purpose of an observational study is to describe some group or situation.
✓ -no evidence - you can't use it as evidence.



Population


✓ entire group we are interested in studying.



Sample


✓ Part of the population we collect information from.
✓ - used to draw conclusion about the entire group.



Census


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