estimates energy expenditure using O2 and CO2 produced
only accurate for steady state exercises
Total Energy Expenditure
60-75% RMR
10% TEF
15-30% PA
O2 and CO2 measurements
VO2: volume of O2 consumed per minute
VCO2: volume of CO2 produced per minute
Ve: ventilations per minute
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER)
O2 usage depends on type of fuel
Glucose requires less oxygen than lipid metabolism
Start exercise using fat and transition to more carbs
RER - ratio between CO2 production and O2 usage
VCO2/VO2
Types of Fuel Burned
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