NSG 120 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS
(LATEST UPDATE)
S/S of prostate cancer - ANS ✓initially asymptomatic.
urinary obstruction-blood in urine or semen, painful ejaculation
symptoms are similar to BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - ANS ✓enlargement of the prostate gland.
More common in older males
BPH s/s - ANS ✓hesitancy and straining during urination.
Decreased strength of the urine stream (weak flow).
Dribbling after urination.
Feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
An urge to urinate again soon after urinating.
Pain during urination (dysuria).
Cancer of the Testes - ANS ✓Most testicular tumours are malignant.
1 in 300 affected
Most common solid tumor cancer in young men
Number of cases increasing
Testicular self-examination is essential for early detection.
NSG 120
, 2
NSG
May originate from one type of cell or mixed cells from various sources
Teratoma—tumor consisting of mixture of different germ cells
Some malignant tumours secrete hCG or AFP, which serve as useful markers for
diagnosis.
s/s of testicular cancer - ANS ✓scrotal "fullness or heaviness," may NOT
experience pain, dull ache in lower abdomen or groin, lump in testicle, sudden
collection of fluid in scrotum, later enlarged tender breasts (gynecomastia)
testes function - ANS ✓produce sperm and testosterone
hyperparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓Surgery
Volume replacement
Improve GFR
Increase Ca+ excretion
Diuretics
Cause of hypoparathyroidism - ANS ✓-removal of thyroid
-trauma to glands
Hypoparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓vit D+ca supplementation
if low serum Ca, high urine Ca, add diuretic thiazide
Hyperthyroidism symptoms - ANS ✓Nervousness, weight loss despite
increased appetite, excessive sweating and heat intolerance, palpitations,
frequent bowel movements, muscular weakness of the proximal type and tremor
Graves disease - ANS ✓an autoimmune disorder that is caused by
hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos
NSG 120
, 3
NSG
Hypothyroidism symptoms - ANS ✓Fatigue, lethargy. Modest weight gain with
anorexia. Dry, coarse skin and cold intolerance. Swelling of face, hands, and legs.
Constipation. Weakness, muscle cramps, arthralgias, paresthesias, impaired
memory and hearing.
Cretinism - ANS ✓condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that
results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid
gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed
Hashimoto's disease - ANS ✓an autoimmune disease in which the body's own
antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland
thyrotoxicosis s/s - ANS ✓condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to
excessive levels of thyroid hormone
simple goiter - ANS ✓thyroid enlarges due to lack of iodine in the diet
Simple Goiter Treatment - ANS ✓Goal is to reduce the size of the goiter. Dietary
supplements of iodine or T3 and T4 hormone replacement therapy
Cushing's syndrome - ANS ✓a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high
levels of cortisol
Addison Disease S/S - ANS ✓chronic fatigue, and weakness, loss of appetite
with consequent weight loss, inability to retain H2O and salt= dehydration
hyperpigmentation of the skin
Addison's disease - ANS ✓A rare, chronic endocrine disorder in which the
adrenal glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones.
NSG 120
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