WGU C955 Applied Probability and Statistics Module 6; correlation and regression Exam Review Questions and Answers 2024/2025
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WGU C955 Applied Probability and Statistics Module 6; correlation and regression Exam Review Questions and Answers 2024/2025
Hypothesis test - correct answer a statistical test that tells us whether a result is significant.
Slope-intercept form - correct answer a common format for the equation ...
WGU C955 Applied Probability and Statistics
Module 6; correlation and regression Exam
Review Questions and Answers 2024/2025
Hypothesis test - correct answer a statistical test that tells us
whether a result is significant.
Slope-intercept form - correct answer a common format for
the equation of a line: y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is
the y-intercept.
Significant difference - correct answer a measurable
difference between two groups or samples that reflects a real
difference, rather than the difference being by chance.
Simpson's paradox - correct answer a counterintuitive
situation in which a trend in different groups of data disappears
or reverses when the groups are combined.
Negative correlation - correct answer a linear relationship
between two quantitative variables in which the dependent
variable increases as the independent variable decreases.
Causation - correct answer a relationship of cause and effect
between two or more variables.
Sampling frame - correct answer the list of all people or
things that may be included in the statistical study.
,Association - correct answer a pattern or relationship
between two variables.
Sample - correct answer the subset of the study population
that is being studied.
Linear extrapolation - correct answer estimation using the
linear regression equation is made outside known data points.
Simple linear regression - correct answer the prediction of
one response variable's value from one or more explanatory
variables' value when there is a linear relationship between the
two variables.
Statistically significant - correct answer the presumption that
a given result or relationship is caused by more than just random
chance.
Population - correct answer all subjects in the study which
have the characteristics being evaluated.
Causal relationship - correct answer a relationship between
two variables that can be classified as cause-and-effect.
Regression line - correct answer the line of best fit to show
the relationship between variables, the one that minimizes
distance from each data point to the line.
,Regression analysis - correct answer a statistical analysis tool
that quantifies the relationship between a response variable and
one or more explanatory variables.
Experimental study - correct answer the researcher applies a
treatment to one group and no treatment (or placebo) to a
control group, to determine if there is causation between
variables.
Lurking variable - correct answer a variable that is not
included in an analysis but that is related to two (or more) other
associated variables which were analyzed.
Observational study - correct answer the researcher observes
if there is an association between variables. There is no
treatment or control group.
Sampling method - correct answer the technique used to
select people within the sampling frame.
Correlation - correct answer an observed relationship
between two quantitative variables. While this is most commonly
a linear relationship, it does not need to be. Note that observing
a relationship does not imply that there is a meaningful causal
link between the variables.
Coordinate plane - correct answer a tool for graphing
consisting of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis.
, Correlation coefficient - correct answer a measure of the
linear relationship between two attributes. The numerical value
demonstrates how closely the attributes vary together.
Correlation coefficients near -1 and +1 have strong linear
correlation, while a correlation coefficient near 0 has weak (or
no) linear correlation.
Linear interpolation - correct answer estimation using the
linear regression equation in between known data points.
Least squares - correct answer a technique for finding the
regression line.
Voluntary sample - correct answer researchers invite
everyone in the sampling frame to participate. Individuals who
voluntarily respond comprise the study sample.
Scatterplot - correct answer a graph that uses dots on a
coordinate plane to show the relationship between variables.
Representative sample - correct answer a subset of the
population with similar characteristics to the entire population.
Significance level - correct answer the p-value cutoff for
statistical significance. Any p-value below the set significance
level is considered statistically significant.
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