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NUR 352 Exam 3 |Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified
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NUR 352 Exam 3 |Questions with 100%Correct Answers | Verified
The nurse is auscultating a patient's chest for the heart sounds when they hear a gentle,
blowing, swooshing sound. Which type of abnormal heart sound does this indicate?
a. Bruit
b. Murmur
c. Varicosity
d. Crackles - ✔️✔️B
The second heart sound (S2) is produced by the:
a. Closure of the semilunar valves
b. Closure of the AV valves
c. Opening of the semilunar valves
d. Opening of the AV valves - ✔️✔️A (S1 occurs with closure of the atrioventricular valves. The
second heart sound (S2) occurs with closure of the semilunar valves. Normally opening of the
semilunar valves is silent, but in aortic or pulmonic stenosis, an ejection click may be heard. An
ejection click occurs early in systole at the start of ejection because it results from opening of
the semilunar valves. A third heart sound (S3) can be heard when the ventricles are resistant to
filling during the early rapid filling phase. S3 is heard when the AV valves open and atrial blood
first pours into the ventricles.)
The first heart sound (S1) is produced by the:
a. Closure of the semilunar valves
b. Closure of the AV valves
c. Opening of the semilunar valves
,d. Opening of the AV valves - ✔️✔️B (S1 occurs with closure of the atrioventricular valves. The
second heart sound (S2) occurs with closure of the semilunar valves. Normally opening of the
semilunar valves is silent, but in aortic or pulmonic stenosis, an ejection click may be heard. An
ejection click occurs early in systole at the start of ejection because it results from opening of
the semilunar valves. A third heart sound (S3) can be heard when the ventricles are resistant to
filling during the early rapid filling phase. S3 is heard when the AV valves open and atrial blood
first pours into the ventricles.)
A bruit heard while auscultating the carotid artery of a 65-year-old patient is caused by:
a. decreased velocity of blood flow through the carotid artery.
b. turbulent blood flow through the carotid artery.
c. rapid blood flow through the carotid artery.
d. increased viscosity of blood. - ✔️✔️B (A carotid bruit is a blowing, swishing sound indicating
blood flow turbulence. A bruit indicates atherosclerotic narrowing of the vessel.)
The ability of the heart to contract independently of any signals or stimulation is due to:
a. depolarization.
b. automaticity.
c. conduction.
d. repolarization. - ✔️✔️B (The heart can contract by itself, independent of any signals or
stimulation from the body; this property is termed automaticity. Depolarization is the reversal
of the resting potential in excitable cardiac muscle cell membranes when stimulated.
Conduction is the process by which an electrical impulse is transmitted through the heart.
Repolarization is the process by which the membrane potential of a cardiac muscle cell is
restored to the cell's resting potential.)
The semilunar valves separate the:
a. atria from the ventricles.
,b. right atria from the left atria.
c. ventricles from the arteries.
d. atria from the veins. - ✔️✔️C (The semilunar valves separate the ventricles from the arteries.
The atrioventricular valves separate the atria and the ventricles. The septum separates the right
atria from the left atria. The vena cava are not separated by a valve from the right atrium; the
pulmonary veins are not separated by a valve from the left atrium.)
Which of the following guidelines may be used to identify which heart sound is S1?
a. S1 is louder than S2 at the base of the heart.
b. S1 coincides with the A wave of the jugular venous pulse wave.
c. S1 coincides with the carotid artery pulse.
d. S1 coincides with the Q wave of the QRS electrocardiogram complex. - ✔️✔️C (S1 coincides
with the carotid artery pulse. S1 is loudest at the apex of the heart. S1 coincides with the C
wave of the jugular venous pulse wave. S1 coincides with the R wave (the upstroke of the QRS
complex).)
The jugular venous pressure is an indirect reflection of the:
a. heart's efficiency as a pump.
b. cardiac cycle.
c. conduction effectiveness.
d. synchronization of mechanical activity. - ✔️✔️A (Jugular venous pressure is a reflection of the
heart's ability to pump blood. If the pressure is elevated, heart failure is suspected.)
Which of the following cardiac alterations occurs during pregnancy?
a. An increase in cardiac output and blood pressure
b. An increase in cardiac volume and a decrease in blood pressure
, c. An increased heart rate and increased blood pressure
d. An increased stroke volume and decreased cardiac output - ✔️✔️B (During pregnancy the
blood volume increases by 30% to 40%; this creates an increase in stroke volume and cardiac
output and an increased pulse rate of 10 to 15 beats per minute. The arterial blood pressure
decreases in pregnancy as a result of peripheral vasodilation.)
When auscultating the heart of a newborn within 24 hours after birth, the examiner hears a
continuous sound that mimics the sound of a machine. This finding most likely indicates:
a. the presence of congenital heart disease.
b. a normal sound because of the thinner chest wall of the newborn.
c. an expected sound caused by nonclosure of the ductus arteriosus.
d. pathology only when accompanied by an increased heart rate. - ✔️✔️C (The murmur of a
patent ductus arteriosus is a continuous machinery murmur, which disappears by 2 to 3 days.)
Which of the following is an appropriate position to have the patient assume when auscultating
for extra heart sounds or murmurs?
a. Roll toward the left side
b. Roll toward the right side
c. Trendelenburg position
d. Recumbent position - ✔️✔️A (After auscultation in the supine position, the nurse should have
the patient roll onto the left side; the examiner should listen at the apex with the bell for the
presence of any diastolic filling sounds (i.e., S3 or S4) or murmurs that may be heard only in this
position. The examiner should have the patient sit up and lean forward; the examiner should
auscultate at the base with the diaphragm for a soft, high-pitched, early diastolic murmur of
aortic or pulmonic regurgitation.)
When auscultating the aortic site, the nurse should place the diaphragm:
a. In the 1st ICS RSB
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