Platelet Range - answers✓✓150-400k
Thrombocytopenia (< 100,000/mm 3 ): possible association with bacterial sepsis or viral
infection, but usual onset does not occur until 1 to 3 days after infection onset (late indicator).
May also occur with maternal HELLP syndrome ( h emolysis, e levated l iver function test
results, and l ow p latelet count), pregnancy-induced hypertension, and intrauterine growth
restriction, as well as some syndromes such as trisomies 13, 18, and 21, Turner's syndrome, and
hemolytic disease.
CRP level - answers✓✓CRP level usually <1.6 for the first two days of life
Elevated cord blood CRP levels are associated with chorioamnionitis with prolonged rupture of
membranes.
Most common pathogens - answers✓✓Currently, GBS
E. coli
Candidas - answers✓✓-Diaper dermatitis presents with intense erythema and satellite lesions.
-Congenital candidiasis presents with widespread erythematous maculopapular rash, and preterm
infants may present with pneumonia.
Proper placement on an endotracheal tube is midway between the thoracic inlet and the carina.
Polyethelane Wrap for Infant < 29 weeks - answers✓✓Dry infants head only
Place infant in bag, from neck down
Remove bag once infant is in an NTE and humidified environment
UVC Placement - answers✓✓1 to 2cm above the diaghragm
Low Lying 2-4cm in the cord
Chest Tube Placement - answers✓✓Mid Clavicular line with distal chest tube hole inside the
thoracic space
lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio - answers✓✓An L/S ratio greater than 2:1 is considered to
indicate fetal lung maturity.
Anatomic events Five stages of lung development - answers✓✓1. Embryonic development
(weeks 1 to 5). The endoderm-derived embryonic foregut provides a single lung bud that begins
to divide ventrocaudally through the mesenchyme surrounding the foregut. The pulmonary vein
develops and extends to join the lung bud. The trachea develops at the end of the embryonic
period. There are three divisions on the right side and two on the left side that will eventually
become the lobes of the lungs.
2. Pseudoglandular period (weeks 6 to 16). All conducting airways are formed. Cartilage
appears; main bronchi are formed; demarcation of major lobes occurs; formation of new bronchi
is complete; capillary bed is formed with connecting bronchial blood supply; no connection
made with terminal air sacs. The lung at this time undergoes 14 more generations of branching
and the formation of the terminal bronchioles. The lung resembles an exocrine organ because of
surrounding loose mesenchymal tissues, hence the name pseudoglandular .
3. Canalicular period (weeks 16 to 26). Formation of gas-exchanging acinar units (i.e.,
respiratory units). The appearance of glycogen-rich cuboidal cells and inclusions for surface-
active material storage are seen; capillaries invade terminal airway walls; type II alveolar
epithelial cells appear. Airway changes from glandular to tubular and increases in length and
diameter. Vascular system proliferates and the capillaries are now closer to the epithelium-
conducting airways. Respiratory bronchioles that will participate in gas exchange can be
differentiated.
4. Terminal sac period (weeks 26 to birth). Around week 26 alveolar sacs are formed; air-blood
surface area is limited for gas exchange; and type II cells are unable to release surfactant in
sufficient quantity to maintain air breathing. Capillary loops increase; type II cells cluster at
alveolar ducts, beco
IUGR asymmetrical - answers✓✓Weight low for Gestation Age
Head Sparing (less restriction on brain growth)
Old man appearance
Appear wasted, thin
Results from: Poor Placental function
Maternal Hypertension*
Smoking
IUGR Symmetric - answers✓✓Lower weight, height, length, and head circumference for
gestational age
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