Pilates Method Alliance Exercises Questions and
answers already graded A+| Updated & Verified |
2024
What are the three stages of HNP - ✔✔1. Disc Bulge
2. Prolapsed Disc
3. Sequestration
Symptoms of HNP - ✔✔peripheral pain or numbness/tingling in buttocks, thigh, calf or toe; in
more severe cases lower extremity weakness and/or loss of deep tendon reflexes
HNP Contraindications - ✔✔avoid all exercises that include spinal flexion or vertical loading (seated,
standing, or inverted positions) of the spine. Avoid exercise that involves a straight leg raise or strong
spinal rotation
Spondylolisthesis - ✔✔instability at L5-S1 or L4-5 due to defect in laminae that cause anterior
vertebral displacement
Symptoms of Spondylolisthesis - ✔✔minor acute pain with diffuse radiation into buttocks ,
major fractures in the laminae and can cause serious spinal cord injuries
Spondylolisthesis Contraindications - ✔✔avoid extension of spine in segment of spine where it occurs
, Stenosis - ✔✔narrowing of the spinal canal (central stenosis) or nerve root canals (lateral stenosis)
Occurring in the lumbar spine but can occur in cervical or thoracic
Stenosis Symptoms - ✔✔1. Lumbar - back pain, tingling, motor deficits and intermittent pain in one
or both legs worsened by standing or walking
2. Cervical- radiating pain in upper extremities
3. Thoracic- radiating pain around the ribcage
Stenosis Contraindications - ✔✔avoid extension of the stenotic segment of the spine
Total Hip Replacement - ✔✔acetabulum and/or femoral head removed and replaced with
mechanical components due to fracture or osteoarthritis
Hip Replacement Contraindications Posterior Approach - ✔✔avoid hip flexion above 90, hip
adduction, and internal rotation. Avoid sitting in crossed leg position which can cause dislocation of
hip joint that would require surgical repair
Hip Replacement Contraindication Anterior Approach - ✔✔avoid hip extension, abduction and
external rotation. These can cause dislocation of hip joint requiring surgical repair.
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - ✔✔capsular tightening of the gleno-humeral joint
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) Precautions - ✔✔avoid aggressive stretching and end-
range loading of the shoulder joint
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