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BIO 123 EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
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BIO 123 EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECTStep 4 Genome replication and gene expression
- Two events essential to viral infection:
• Synthesis of virus structural proteins and enzymes
• Replication of the virus genome (dsDNA, ssDNA,
ndsRNA, ssRNA)
what is a virus?
small size nm range
Can be filtered by passing through filters that trap most
known bacteria•Unable to reproduce outside of a host cell•
Have one kind of nucleic acid, either RNA or DNA, but
never both as genetic material•
Have receptor binding proteins, except for plant viruses•
Genome RNA or DNA may be infectious
what are the structural componmets of a virus ?
1. genome
2. capsule
3. envelope
4. enzymes
5.
what is a genome ?
Virus contains either DNA or RNA as genetic material but not both.
,a viral genome may consist of.dsDNA, single-stranded (ss) DNA, ss linear RNA or ds
linear RNA.
linear or circular
what is a capsid ?
is the outer layer. ( coat or shell )
what is The protein coat or capsid is made up of a number of morphological similar
subunits called ?
capsomere.
how does Capsid serves as.around the nucleic acid core.•Capsid also helps to.into host
cell during infection.
impenetrable shell, introduce viral genome
Capsomere are arranged. together in a repetitive pattern to form complete capsid.
precisely and tightly
The complete complex of nucleic acid and protein coat of virus particle are called as
virus nucleocapsid.
Structure of capsid give the. Virus particle may be either cubical (Icosahedral), helical
or complex symmetry.
symmetry to the virus
what is an evenlope ?
Some viruses contain an envelope that surrounds nucleocapsid.
,The virus without envelope is called
naked virus.
what is the envenlope made of?
bilayer of lipoprotein and glycoprotein
Envelope acquired by progeny virus from host cell during virus release by budding
process.
.Influenza A virus Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) that are involved in
binding of virus to host cell.
Glycoprotein spike such as
.what is enzyme? Some viruses encapsidate enzymes that play .
central roles during infection.
For example, some bacteriophage contains lysozyme. It makes a small hole in the
bacterial cell which allows the viral nucleic acid to get in.
Some viruses .that transcribe the viral negative-strand RNA genome into mRNA during
replication process.
(e.g., Influenza virus) package their own RNA polymerase
. is an RNA virus that replicates inside host cell via DNA intermediate. These viruses
package their own RNA-dependent DNA polymerase called reverse transcriptase.
Retrovirus
what are two types Virus particles (virions)
Enveloped Non-enveloped (Naked)
, How Many Genes Are Required to Build a Simple Virus Particle?
Viruses have small genomes compared with other microbes and organisms
what are the two virus particles ?
Icosahedral symmetry
Helical symmetry
DNA viruses:Genome from .Encode roughly
3.2 to 200 kb (Mimivirus: 1,200kb), 4 to 200 proteins
RNA viruses:Genome varies from.Encode fewer proteins
1.7 to 30 kb, less than a dozen
are Viruses are dependent on the host cell for replication ? true or false ?
truw
what are the characteristics of Viral Genomes ?
ss or ds•
Linear or circular•
Monopartite = Nonsegmented genome•
Multipartite = Segmented genome
Viruses are host specific to what ?
Humans
Animals
Insects
Plants
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