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NUR 120 Final Exam Questions with Latest Update
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NUR 120 Final Exam Questions with Latest Update
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NUR 120 Final Exam Questions withLatest Update
trans-cultural nursing - Answer-providing care to patients and families across cultural
variations. Acknowledge, respect, & adapt to patient.
Culture can strongly influence a patients thinking, doing, and being.
Five signs of inflammation - Answer-redness, warmth, swelling, pain, loss of function.
sequence of events of inflammation - Answer-vasodilation, increased vascular
permeability (increased plasma), & leukocyte cellular infiltration
*Repairative process*begins at same time as injury**
cultural nursing assessment - Answer-Systematic way to identify the beliefs, values,
meanings, and behaviors of people while considering their history, life experiences, and
the social and physical environments in which they live.
*"Know Thyself" know your own cultural attitudes, beliefs. Recognize that every one has
cultural "baggage" do not judge anyone for their beliefs*
Blood Transfusion - Answer-blood must be started within 15-20 minutes from obtaining
the blood.
18G needle prefered (20 or higher can be used)
Blood Transfusion Consent - Answer-A patient's written permission to receive blood or
blood products. *IF* the patient is unable to sign and it is an emergency situation two
doctors can sign the consent.
Jehovah's Witness - Answer-No blood products should be used
blood transfusion procedure - Answer-any allergies?- type & cross match blood, check
blood for bubbles, dark color, or cloudiness- change IV line (per policy usually one or
two units of blood per line)- ID check by two nurses- baseline vitals- start with normal
saline- run blood slowly for first 15 minutes- stay with client for 15-30 min- recheck vital
signs after 15 of infusing blood- if no adverse affects increase rate- take vital signs
every hour until completed and then every 3 hours (or per facility protocol)- inform pt to
report any s/s of reactions
reactions during blood transfusion - Answer-stop the blood first! restart saline, notify
health care provider, may use supportive care (benadryl, oxygen, corticosteriods)
Electrolyte values - Answer-Sodium: 135-145 (-natremia)
Chloride: 96-106 (-chloremia)
Calcium: 8.5-10.5 (-calcemia)
Potassium: 3.5-5.5 (-kalemia)
, Magnesium: 1.5-2.5 (-magnesemia)
Phosphorus: 2.7-4.5 (-phosphatemia)
FVD (fluid volume deficit) - Answer-hypovolemia
FVE (fluid volume excess) - Answer-hypervolemia
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) - Answer-essential part of diagnosing & managing
oxygenation status and acid-base balance of high-risk patients
ABG's values (normal) - Answer-pH:7.35-7.45
Pco2: 45-35 (lungs/respiratory)
Hco3: 22-26 (kidneys/metabolic)
buffer systems in the body - Answer-*LUNGS AS A BUFFER*- primary control of body's
carbonic acid supply.
*KIDNEY AS A BUFFER*-works by concentration of bicarb in body. Kidneys either
excrete or hang on to bicarb in the response to the pH of blood. Acidosis- kidney
excretes h ion & conserves bicarb. Alkalosis - kidneys retain H ions.
*ECF, ICF, HGB* are other buffer systems for maintain acid-base balance
when a patient codes - Answer---most people become acidosis when they code—they
will be administered sodium bicarb
foley catheter care - Answer-• Empty foley bag q8hr at least, keep below level of
bladder, do not let bag lay on floor
• DC catheter correctly!
• Peri care- do not go up tubing, always go away from where catheter exits body
• Sterile specimen can be taken from port on catheter using sterile syringe w/needle-
check facility policy
urinalysis (UA) - Answer-urine screening test that includes physical observation,
chemical tests, and microscopic evaluation
*specific gravity*
urinalysis: dehydration - Answer-Urinalysis can tell us a lot about dehydration. The color
and clarity of urine, the urine's specific gravity (the mass of urine is compared with that
of equal amounts of distilled water), and the presence of ketones (carbon compounds
that signify dehydration) in the urine may all help to indicate the degree of dehydration.
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) - Answer-sensitive test for prostate cancer.
values less than 4ng/mL are considered normal
*abnormal values does not always indicate cancer* prostatitis often has elevated PSA
impaired vision - Answer-• Refractive errors
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