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ANS 319 PTN DIGESTION MONOGASTRIC EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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ANS 319 PTN DIGESTION MONOGASTRICEXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Limiting amino acids - ANSWER an essential amino acid that is present
in dietary protein in an insufficient amount, thereby limiting the body's
ability to build protein
Complete proteins - ANSWER Foods containing all essential amino
acids (animal byproducts)
Efficient digestion and absorption of proteins - ANSWER have little loss
peptidases - ANSWER hydrolysis of peptide bonds
types of peptidases - ANSWER endopeptidases and exopeptidases
Endopeptidases - ANSWER internal peptide bonds leading from large
polypeptides to small oligopeptides
Bonds not next to N- or C- terminus
Exopeptidases - ANSWER act on small oligopeptides to produce amino
acids and di/tripeptides
Contribution to hydrolysis increases as proteins become more digested
Peptide bonds next to N- or C-terminus
Protein digestion - ANSWER beings in the stomach with pepsin
pancreatic enzymes are inactive when secreted
brush border enzymes
Proteins are broken down into - ANSWER tripeptides, dipeptides, and
free amino acids
Process of protein breakdown - ANSWER dietary proteins go through
the mouth then the stomach (HCl and pepsin) and are denatured and
partially hydrolyzed. In the small intestine (trypsin, chymotrypsin,
aminopeptidase, and carboxypeptidase), the denatured protein is turned
, into small peptides and amino acids. In the intestinal lining, amino acids
are in the blood stream.
Digestive enzymes - ANSWER initially produces as zymogens and are
then activated when needed. Zymogens and proenzymes are the same
thing. Most of them are synthesized and stored in the pancreas and then
secreted into the SI where they are activated by removal of a small
peptide section. The digestive enzymes must be stored as a zymogen
because they would damage the synthesizing cell.
Zymogens - ANSWER digestive enzymes secreted as inactive proteins
Monogastric protein digestion - ANSWER initiated in the stomach
HCl from parietal cells
Pepsinogen from chief cells
Stomach pH - ANSWER 1.6 - 3.2
Acid pH - ANSWER less than 7
Base pH - ANSWER greater than 7
pepsinogen turns into pepsin when exposed to - ANSWER HCl
Pepsin - ANSWER self activates (initiates conversion of pepsinogen)
accounts for 10-20% of protein digestion
protein leaves stomach as mix of indigested protein, denatured protein,
peptides, and amino acids
Denaturation - ANSWER Process in which a protein uncoils and loses
its shape causing it to lose its ability to function; it can be caused by high
temperatures, whipping, acids, bases, and a high salt concentration
e.g. frying an egg
Importance of pancreas for digestion - ANSWER Produces enzymes
responsible for
50% of carbohydrate digestion
50% of protein digestion
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