About how many people have a disability? - Answers -One in five people, or about 20
percent
What is the medical theoretical model of disability? - Answers -Viewing disability in
terms of biological impairments; a problem caused by genetic disorders, disease,
trauma or other health conditions. Disability is treated as a biological problem that
diminishes quality of life and needs to be treated with professional medical care
What are the strengths of the medical theoretical model of disability? (2) - Answers -1.
Acknowledges that there is a biological condition placing individuals with disabilities at a
disadvantage
2. Creates a set of clearly-defined biological criteria for medical treatment and
government assistance
What are the weaknesses of the medical theoretical model of disability? (4) - Answers -
1. Overlooks the impact of the social environment on a person with a disability
2. Makes disability a characteristic, labeling the person as different from the rest of the
population
3. Excludes those with disabilities who do not fit into the defined criteria, meaning they
might not be able to receive the care and benefits they need
4. Makes people have to prove their disability in order to receive the necessary care and
benefits
What is the social theoretical model of disability? - Answers -Viewing disability as an
avoidable condition caused by poor design in society. Acknowledges there is a medical
or biological component, while stressing more inclusive designs could remove barriers
for people with disabilities.
What are the strengths of the social theoretical model of disability? (2) - Answers -1.
Empowers individuals with disabilities by removing the stigma; assumes society will
create an inclusive environment, not that people with disabilities need to accept a lower
quality of life
2. Empowers designers of physical and virtual environments to think about usability for
everyone, resulting in better designs overall
, What are the weaknesses of the social theoretical model of disability? (1) - Answers -1.
Ignores the physical reality of having a disability; accepting and owning one's disability
can be healthy, both emotionally and psychologically
What is the functional solutions theoretical model of disability? - Answers -Viewing
disability as a series of impairments or limitations and the solutions to eradicate or
reduce these limitations through technology or methodology
What are the strengths of the functional solutions theoretical model of disability? (1) -
Answers -1. Focuses on ideas, technologies, and innovations which benefit people with
disabilities and improve their lives
What are the weaknesses of the functional solutions theoretical model of disability? (1) -
Answers -1. Misses opportunities to address larger social context which might make a
solution obsolete because it focuses too much on creating practical technological
solutions
What is the social identity or cultural affiliation theoretical model of disability? - Answers
-Viewing disability as a personal identity via communicating with others who share
similar life experiences based on their disability; can be particularly strong among
people are deaf and use sign language
What are the strengths of the social identity or cultural affiliation theoretical model of
disability? (2) - Answers -1. Accepts the disability as an important part of one's
emotional and psychological well-being
2. Gains political strength through alliances and advocacy networks
What are the weaknesses of the social identity or cultural affiliation theoretical model of
disability? (2) - Answers -1. Does not serve as a useful basis for technical definitions of
disability because groups of people with different disabilities or no disabilities might
consider themselves part of the same social group
2. May be a result of feeling excluded from the rest of society
What is the charity theoretical model of disability? - Answers -Viewing disability as an
unfortunate or tragic condition worthy of special treatment; those without disabilities take
pity on those with disabilities
What are the strengths of the charity theoretical model of disability? (1) - Answers -1.
Creates a sense of empathy in those without disabilities which inspires them to assist
those with disabilities
What are the weaknesses of the charity theoretical model of disability? (1) - Answers -1.
Encourages unequal social and political relationships, which can slow down progress
overall for those with disabilities
What are the theoretical models of disability? (5) - Answers -1. Medical
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