cogsci115 Exam Questions With 100%
Correct Answers
Blackwell and Dweck: Study 1 results - Answer---students mainly minority
--exp group with special module on how intelligence can be improved showed more
improvement in grades/skills and worked harder
--ex of growth mindset
--those with cultural reasons to be anxious were most affected by message (girls &
maths)
/.programs to develop growth mindsets are most beneficial in students with ___ -
Answer-low socioeconomic status or academically at risk
/.low income vs wealthier peers (growth mindset) - Answer-low income who exhibit
growth mindset show academic performance as high as that of fixed mindset from
higher income brackets
/.correlation between happiness and __ __ is one of the strongest findings - Answer-
social relationships (social support for college students, even providing instead of
receiving)
/.cell - Answer-individual neurons
/.tissue - Answer-nerves, ganglia
/.organ - Answer-brain and spinal cord
/.system - Answer-nervous system
/.levels of organization - Answer-cell, tissue, organ, system
/.cell body (or soma) - Answer-the cell's life support center
/.dendrite - Answer-a branched, treelike structure attached to the soma of a neuron;
receives information from the terminal buttons of other neurons
/.axon - Answer-the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through
which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
/.terminal button - Answer-the bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses
with another neuron; sends information to that neuron
/.neurotransmitter - Answer-a chemical that is released by a terminal button; has an
excitatory or inhibitory effect on another neuron
, /.myelin sheath - Answer-A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many
neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse
hops from one node to the next.
/.myelin sheath and screen time - Answer-3-5 yr olds with higher screen time has lower
measures of myelination and scored lower on cognitive tests
/.axons have tow potentials - Answer-resting potential and action potential
/.resting potential - Answer-the state of the neuron when not firing a neural impulse, -
70mV, Na+ and Cl- outside, K+ and A- inside, occurs because of ions located inside
and outside cell
/.action potential - Answer-a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that provides basis
for sending info along axon
--Na+ rush in through sodium channels, inside becomes positive from charged ions
/.depolarization - Answer-The process during the action potential when sodium is
rushing into the cell causing the interior to become more positive and K+ moves outside
of potassium gates causing resting value again
/.all or none - Answer-once action potential is triggered, it is propagated without
decrement to end of fiber
--ms by ms sum of all signals determines whether neuron will fire or not
/.synapse - Answer-the junction between terminal button of one neuron and membrane
(soma or dendrites) of another
/.synaptic gap - Answer-space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the
receptors of the next neuron, when action potential occurs reaches terminal button:
vesicles release neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
/.neurotransmitters - Answer-travel across synaptic gap, bind to receptor sites on
receiving neuron, effect might be excitatory or inhibitory
/.ligands - Answer-bind to postsynaptic membrane at binding sites, can be a natural
body produced chemical (neurotransmitter) or other chem like medication or poison
/.reuptake - Answer-ransporters located in thepre-synaptic membrane transport
themolecules of neurotransmitter backinto the cytoplasm
/.SSRI - Answer-block reuptake of serotonin,making more of it available at thesynaptic
gap and increasingserotonergic activity
Correct Answers
Blackwell and Dweck: Study 1 results - Answer---students mainly minority
--exp group with special module on how intelligence can be improved showed more
improvement in grades/skills and worked harder
--ex of growth mindset
--those with cultural reasons to be anxious were most affected by message (girls &
maths)
/.programs to develop growth mindsets are most beneficial in students with ___ -
Answer-low socioeconomic status or academically at risk
/.low income vs wealthier peers (growth mindset) - Answer-low income who exhibit
growth mindset show academic performance as high as that of fixed mindset from
higher income brackets
/.correlation between happiness and __ __ is one of the strongest findings - Answer-
social relationships (social support for college students, even providing instead of
receiving)
/.cell - Answer-individual neurons
/.tissue - Answer-nerves, ganglia
/.organ - Answer-brain and spinal cord
/.system - Answer-nervous system
/.levels of organization - Answer-cell, tissue, organ, system
/.cell body (or soma) - Answer-the cell's life support center
/.dendrite - Answer-a branched, treelike structure attached to the soma of a neuron;
receives information from the terminal buttons of other neurons
/.axon - Answer-the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through
which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
/.terminal button - Answer-the bud at the end of a branch of an axon; forms synapses
with another neuron; sends information to that neuron
/.neurotransmitter - Answer-a chemical that is released by a terminal button; has an
excitatory or inhibitory effect on another neuron
, /.myelin sheath - Answer-A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many
neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse
hops from one node to the next.
/.myelin sheath and screen time - Answer-3-5 yr olds with higher screen time has lower
measures of myelination and scored lower on cognitive tests
/.axons have tow potentials - Answer-resting potential and action potential
/.resting potential - Answer-the state of the neuron when not firing a neural impulse, -
70mV, Na+ and Cl- outside, K+ and A- inside, occurs because of ions located inside
and outside cell
/.action potential - Answer-a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that provides basis
for sending info along axon
--Na+ rush in through sodium channels, inside becomes positive from charged ions
/.depolarization - Answer-The process during the action potential when sodium is
rushing into the cell causing the interior to become more positive and K+ moves outside
of potassium gates causing resting value again
/.all or none - Answer-once action potential is triggered, it is propagated without
decrement to end of fiber
--ms by ms sum of all signals determines whether neuron will fire or not
/.synapse - Answer-the junction between terminal button of one neuron and membrane
(soma or dendrites) of another
/.synaptic gap - Answer-space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the
receptors of the next neuron, when action potential occurs reaches terminal button:
vesicles release neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
/.neurotransmitters - Answer-travel across synaptic gap, bind to receptor sites on
receiving neuron, effect might be excitatory or inhibitory
/.ligands - Answer-bind to postsynaptic membrane at binding sites, can be a natural
body produced chemical (neurotransmitter) or other chem like medication or poison
/.reuptake - Answer-ransporters located in thepre-synaptic membrane transport
themolecules of neurotransmitter backinto the cytoplasm
/.SSRI - Answer-block reuptake of serotonin,making more of it available at thesynaptic
gap and increasingserotonergic activity
