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ASTRO 1-EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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ASTRO 1-EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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1-EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITHASTRO
CORRECT ANSWERS
what is the sun comprised of? - CORRECT ANSWER-73% hydrogen 25% helium
why is the sun stable? - CORRECT ANSWER-outward force of gas pressure; inward force of gravity
Where does the gas pressure in the sun come from? - CORRECT ANSWER-nuclear fusion reactions in the
core at temperatures of 15 million degrees
What is the diameter of the sun compared to earth? mass? luminosity (compared to 100W lightbulbs? -
CORRECT ANSWER-diameter-109x; mass-333,000; luminosity- 4 x 10^24
What percent of mass in the solar system comes from the sun? - CORRECT ANSWER-99.9%
how long has the sun been shining? how much longer will it shine? - CORRECT ANSWER-4.5 billion years;
5.5 billion years
what are sunspots? - CORRECT ANSWER-slightly cooler regions on the sun's surface
what causes sunspots? how long are their cycles? - CORRECT ANSWER-magnetic activity preventing hot
material from rising to that region. they have 11 year cycles
what comprises helium-4? What does it release? What is it called? - CORRECT ANSWER-4 protons
combine to make helium-4 (2 protons, 2 neutrons); produces gamma rays; it is called the proton-proton
chain
What is the first step in Nuclear fusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-two protons stick together and one
changes into a neutron to produce deuterium (1 proton and 1 neutron)
astro 1-exam 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
, What is the second step in Nuclear fusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-deuterium plus proton makes helium-3
(2 protons and 1 neutron bound together)
What is the third step in nuclear fusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-two helium-3 molecules combine to make
helium-4 and 2 protons
When is energy created in Nuclear fusion? - CORRECT ANSWER-in every step
Where does the energy in Nuclear fusion come from? - CORRECT ANSWER-E= mc^2 because the mass of
helium is 4 less than the mass of 4 protons
What are the layers of the sun from inside to out? - CORRECT ANSWER-core, radiative zone, connective
zone, photosphere, chromosphere, flare, prominence, corona, solar wind
What is the core of the sun like? - CORRECT ANSWER-at center; high density and temperature; where
nuclear reactions occur and gamma rays produced
What is the radiative zone of the sun like? - CORRECT ANSWER-photons are repeatedly reabsorbed
and emitted, and the energy of an individual photon
can take on average 170,000 years to pass through
What is the connective zone of the sun like? - CORRECT ANSWER-hot gas rises and cold gas sinks;
light traverses in 1 week
What is the photosphere of the sun like? - CORRECT ANSWER-temperature 5780K; the surface that we
see; photons have been converted to visible wave- length, see granules due to convection bringing ma-
terial up and down in cells
What is the chromosphere of the sun like? - CORRECT ANSWER-red or orange color; temperature 4500K;
we see through this to the photosphere
astro 1-exam 3 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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