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APHY 101 - Midterm Ch. 1-6
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APHY 101 - Midterm Ch. 1-6
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APHY 101 - MIDTERM CH. 1-6V
COMPLETE DETAILED CASE STUDY
Explain the difference between the study of Anatomy and the study of Physiology - Anatomy is the study
of structure of body parts/Physiology is the study of function of body parts
Name and define the levels of organization of life - Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
Define Metabolisim - The sum of all physical and chemical events that obtain, release, and utilize energy
Define Homeostasis. How does a homeostatic mechanism maintain homeostasis? - The body's
maintenance of a stable internal environment.
Depend on normal concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen, and normal body temperature and
pressure
What is meant by negative feedback? How does negative feedback affect homeostatic mechanisms? -
Works to correct a deviation from a set point (Tries to get back to the set point/normal)
Describe the structure of a serous membrane - Smooth membrane consisting of 2 layers of epithelial
cells which secrete serous fluid
What are signs of aging at the cellular level? - Impaired cell division and the ability to break down and
recycle worn cell parts
What is meant by anatomical position? - Universal body position: Standing erect, facing forward, upper
limbs at the sides, palms facing forward and thumbs out.
Explain why chemistry is an important part of the study of Physiology - Body functions depend on
cellular functions that, in turn, result from chemical changes
, Atom - The smallest unit of matter that defines the chemical elements
Element - Fundamental substances in which all matter is composed of
Molecule - 2 or more atoms may combine to form a molecule
Compound - A substance made from two or more elements chemically combined
Name the bulk elements of the body - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus
What do atomic number and atomic weight of an atom represent? - Atomic Number is the number of
protons in the atoms of a particular element/Atomic Weight is the number of protons plus the number
of neutrons in each of an element's atoms
Define Ion. How do we indicate in a molecular formula if an atom is an ion? - Ions are atoms that gain or
lose electrons and become electrically charged
Isotope - An isotope is an atom that have the same atomic numbers but different atomic weights
Distinguish between types of chemical reactions: Synthesis, Decomposition, Exchange, and Reversible -
Electrolyte - An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when
dissolved in water.
Acid - Acids are electrolytes that dissociate the release hydrogen ions in water
Base - A compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
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