What 2 things determine human impact? - Answer 1. Total Human Population Size
(multiplied by)
2. Per Capita Resource Use
What is the current global human population? - Answer 7.1 billion
What is the current annual growth rate? - Answer 1.2%
- 78 million per year
- 210,000 per d...
BIO 227 Final Exam Questions Fully
100% Solved .
What 2 things determine human impact? - Answer 1. Total Human Population Size
(multiplied by)
2. Per Capita Resource Use
What is the current global human population? - Answer 7.1 billion
What is the current annual growth rate? - Answer 1.2%
- 78 million per year
- 210,000 per day
- 2.5 per second
What are the world's 3 most populous countries? - Answer China (1.357 billion)
India (1.252 billion)
USA (3.13 million)
The top 10 most populous countries account for what? - Answer 4.1 billion people which is about 53%
of the world's total
Human population growth rate is highest in ______ nations, especially in the ______ and _______. -
Answer developing
tropics & subtropics
What is an ecological footprint? - Answer the impact of a person or community on the environment,
expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources
,Wildlife - Answer free-ranging vertebrates, especially terrestrial birds and mammals
(but cannot really separate from other plant and animal associates (habitat, food, etc.)
What is biological diversity or "biodiversity"? - Answer the variation of life at all scales
the variety and variability of life
Ecosystem - Answer a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
Genetic Diversity - Answer genetic variability within a species
- service benefits: pollination, pest control, erosion control
Intrinsic Values of Conserving Wildlife - Answer (irrespective of humans)
1. Willingness to Pay approach (WTP): how much would you pay to save the Giant Panda?
2. Compensation Approach: if giant pandas went extinct, how much should you be compensated?
What is management? - Answer implies human manipulation and requires planning
1. goal (desired outcome)
2. process
,3. fundamental assumptions
What is the role of science in the management of wildlife? - Answer 1. to inform the process of
management for desired outcomes
2. however, management is socio-political and is also dependent on societal values
Gifford Pinchot - Answer Utilitarian Tradition
"Resource Conservation Ethic"
1. He was the first Chief of US Forest Service
2. This tradition emphasizes the sustained use of resources
John Muir - Answer Spiritual or Scenic Tradition
"Romantic-Transcendental Preservation Ethic"
1. emphasizes non-consumptive use of resources
What tradition did conservation biology derive from? - Answer it arose from the science of field
ecology
What is conservation biology? - Answer the application of various biological disciplines (mostly ecology
and its sub-disciplines) toward the goal of preserving biological diversity
1. has many disciplines (mostly ecology and applied management services)
2. goal is preserving biological diversity
3. it is an applied science (not basic)
4. considered a crisis discipline
5. implies that biological diversity should and can be conserved
Aslo Leopold - Answer "The Land Ethic" - Stewardship of ecological community
, 1. wrote "A Sand County Almanac"
What happened in 1964? - Answer Wilderness Act; Wild and Scenic Rivers Act
What happened in 1966 and 1969? - Answer precursors to the Endangered Species Act
What happened in 1973? - Answer Endangered Species Act
What happened in 1972? - Answer marine mammal protection act
What happened in 1975? - Answer convention on international trade in endangered species (CITES)
What does CITES stand for? - Answer Convention on
International
Trade in
Endangered
Species
What is the spatial scale of biodiversity? - Answer 1. alpha
2. beta
3. gamma
What is Alpha Diversity? - Answer How many species occur in a site-specific area?
- low if there are few species in an area (only one ecosystem)
What is Beta Diversity? - Answer How does the species composition vary among areas? (involves
turnover)
- low if there is a lot of overlap of species between areas (between ecosystems)?
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