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Matric Chemistry definitions
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All necessary chemistry definitions for NSC exams
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chemical bond - a mutual attraction between two atoms resulting from thesimultaneous attraction between their nuclei and the outer electrons
covalent bond - the sharing of electrons between two atoms to form a molecule
molecule - A group of two or more atoms covalently bonded and that function as a
unit.
a bonding pair - a pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms in a covalent
bond.
a lone pair - a pair of electrons in the valence shell of an atom that is not shared with
another atom.
electronegativity - a measure of the tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract
bonding electrons.
bond energy of a compound - the energy needed to break one mole of its molecules
into separate atoms.
bond length - the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.
Boiling point - The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a substance equals
atmospheric pressure.
Melting point - The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance
are at equilibrium.
vapour pressure - The pressure exerted by a vapour at equilibrium with its liquid in a
closed system.
Solubility - The property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance (solute) to
dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent to form a homogeneous solution.
one mole - the amount of substance having the same number of particles as there
are atoms in 12 g carbon-12.
molar mass - the mass of one mole of a substance measured in 𝑔. 𝑚𝑜𝑙−1
Avogadro's Law, - one mole of any gas occupies the same volume at the same
temperature and pressure
concentration - the amount of solute per litre of solution.
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