NUR 106 Module G1: Wallace Guide
to Pediatric Nursing Foundations
sleeping on stomach, smoking in household and prematurity, Between 1 month
and 1 year - ✔✔SIDS risk factors
Brainstem abnormalities, along with environmental stressors - ✔✔Hypothesis of
SIDs
supine sleeping position, avoid cigarette smoke, firm bedding, exclusive Bret
feeding for any amount of time, pacifier use - ✔✔SIDS prevention
giving no indication of wrongdoing, abuse, or neglect; making sensitive
judgments concerning any resuscitation efforts for the child; and comforting the
family members as much as possible. Call the OB and pediatrician so that no
appointments are made or questions about how the baby is when mother returns
for visits, must have an autopsy - ✔✔Family support for sids
restlessness, anxiety, tachycardia/ tachypnea - ✔✔respiratory symptoms early
bradycardia, extreme restlessness, severe dyspnea - ✔✔respiratory symptoms
late
Fever, Poor feeding (anorexia),Vomiting, Diarrhea, Color change, sweaty/clammy
- ✔✔Symptoms of respiratory tract infections
flaring nostrils, retractions, grunting, adventitious breath sounds (or absent breath
sounds), use of accessory muscles, head bobbing , decreased Po2, elevated
Pco2, cyanosis and pallor - ✔✔Other signs of respiratory distress in children
H&H, clear airway, enhance lung expansion, isolate if needed, fever and pain
management - ✔✔Respiratory Management
"Common cold" - ✔✔nasopharyngitis
"Soar throat" - ✔✔Pharyngitis
,Rapid strep, throat culture - ✔✔Streptococcal Pharyngitis diagnostic
Full course antibiotic ,check urine for protein in 2 weeks - ✔✔Streptococcal
Pharyngitis therapeutic management
Avoid citrus, ice cream, red liquids, dairy products -
✔✔Tonsillectomy/adeniodectomy
Affects children less than 5 yrs
Usually viral
Stridor
Cool mist (tent or hood), nebulized epinephrine, corticosteroids
Assessment extremely important
Fluids, rest, reduce agitation - ✔✔Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis
- Caused by RSV, influenza A&B, M. pneumoniae
- Sx: Low-grade fever, restlessness, hoarseness, barky cough, inspiratory stridor,
retractions - ✔✔Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis causes
Inflammation of the epiglottis; H influenzae type b is the most common cause,
especially in nonimmunized children, Causes airway obstruction - ✔✔Acute
Epiglottitis
Assess airway, manage airway, anti-infammitories, maintain child in upright
position - ✔✔Acute Epiglottitis therapeutic
viral infection the bronchioles that is characterized by thick secretions -
✔✔Bronchiolitis (RSV)
contact isolation, monitor pulse ox/CR, maintain airway - ✔✔RSV
Palivizumab (Synagis) monoclonal antibody, which is given monthly in an IM
injection for a maximum of five doses to prevent hospitalization - ✔✔Prevention
of RSV
, An inflammation of lung tissue, wherer the alveoli in the affected areas fill w/fluid -
✔✔pneumonia
Rest, antibiotic administration for bacterial strain, position changes -
✔✔Pneumonia treatment
Asphyxiation, respiratory tract infection - ✔✔Foreign body aspiration problems
Leading cause of fatal injury in children younger than 1 year, most common in
children 1-3 years - ✔✔Foreign body aspiration
Fun foods, sharp objects, balloons - ✔✔Common foreign body aspirates
chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurring
symptoms, airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and an
underlying inflammation process - ✔✔Asthma
Shortness of breath, Prolonged expiratory phase, Audible wheeze, May have a
malar flush and red ears, Lips deep, dark red color, May progress to cyanosis of
nail beds or circumoral cyanosis, Restlessness, Apprehension, Prominent
sweating as the attack progresses Older children sitting upright with shoulders in
a hunched-over position, hands on the bed or chair, and arms braced (tripod)
Speaking with short, panting, broken phrases - ✔✔Clinical manifestation of
asthma
Avoid exacerbation
Avoid allergens
Relieve asthmatic episodes promptly
Relieve bronchospasm
Monitor function with peak flow meter
Self-management of inhalers, devices, and activity regulation - ✔✔Goals of
Asthma Management
ID and control triggers - ✔✔Non parm interventions of asthma
Cromolyn, nedocromil - ✔✔Asthma Long term "control" (anti-inflammatory)
drugs
