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Summary

Summary Clinical Sciences Renal

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Master renal physiology with our meticulously crafted Clinical Sciences Renal Notes! These high-quality, handwritten notes are based directly on course lectures, providing a clear, concise summary of complex renal topics. Ideal for medical students and anyone studying clinical sciences, these notes...

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  • November 10, 2024
  • 24
  • 2024/2025
  • Summary
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Renal Clinical Sciences

,Index
pg
: :




·



Approach to haematuria 3


Clinical
approach nephrology
·

to 7



Approach Glomerular Disease 8
·

to




Approachzu prozeinuria
·

12


Nephrotoxins
Injury
& Renal 14

of
Management ESRD 16
·




Kidney
HIV the 19

of
Fraging Urogenital Tract 24
·

, Approach to Haematuria


Nephritic syndrome ,
schitosomiasis



Microscopic haematuria Gross Haematuria
2 beI
·


high power field in a
spun wine sediment
·


suspectedblo presence of real brown wrine

No 'safe' lower limit below which
significant disease be excludes colour doesn't reflect of blood loss
can
change degree
·




· Inl blood It wine -Dvisible colour
change

Approach to
patient with red brown wrine

centrifuge
sediment red supernatant red
Dipstick
-


haematuria home

Negative Positive

·
beeturia
-


myoglobia
phenazopyridine
·




·Porphyri
a
plasma colour
dear End
~




myoglobinuria Hemaglobinuria


Detection

Examination of urine sediment under is the
gold standard
microscope
·
a



·
Urine dipsticks for 1-2 rba/hpfield
Hb detects
very sensitive
- :
more false positive results
·
False -ve unusual-D-re dipsticks excludes abnormal haematuria



Actiology
of disease
Haematuria be a
symptom underlying
·



may
· cause
vary with age
· most common cause
:




-
inflammation or infection of the
prostate or bladde
Stones
-




older
-




malignancy or BPH in patients
glomerulonephritis
-




Initial Evaluation


suggest specific diagnosis
from
Glues
history/physical exam ? to
·




Glomerular
extraglomerular bleeding ?
or
·




·

Transient el Persistent Haematuria ?



History Clues

pyuriat dysuria UTI hesitancy/dribbling prostatic obstruction
·
·
- -


·
recent UTT
a postinfections GN
-
or
IgAN
·
Recent Vigorous exercise of trauma

from multiple sizes bye uncontrolled
family history of renal dx He
blehaematuria
eding d I bleeding after anticoagulation
· ·




Unilateral flank pain
radiating groin uretal obstruction
Cyclic during) menstruation endometriosis
·
·
- -
to

Persistent) recurrent flank
pain prave loin pain harmaturia syndrome Meds
causing nephritis
· .
-

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