Class 9 Political Science Notes: What is Democracy? Why Democracy? (CBSE)
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Social science code 28
Institution
This document contains comprehensive notes on Chapter 1 of Class 9 Political Science, titled "What is Democracy? Why Democracy?". It covers key concepts such as the features of democracy, the Indian democratic system, political equality, rule of law, and the comparison of democracy with other gover...
Democracy is a form of government in which the people have the power to make decisions
about their laws, policies, and leadership, typically through elected representatives. The
term originates from the Greek words “demos” (the people) and “kratos” (power or rule). In
simple terms, democracy means “rule by the people.”
Key Features of Democracy:
1. Popular Sovereignty: Ultimate authority rests with the people, who exercise their
power through voting.
2. Political Equality: Every citizen, regardless of social, economic, or cultural status,
has the equal right to participate in political activities.
3. Majority Rule with Minority Rights: In a democracy, decisions are made based on the
majority, but the rights of minorities must also be protected.
4. Freedom of Expression: Citizens are free to express their opinions, beliefs, and ideas
without fear of government persecution.
, 5. Political Pluralism: Democracy encourages a multiplicity of political opinions,
ideologies, and political parties to ensure diversity and inclusion.
6. Rule of Law: All individuals, including government officials, are subject to the law,
ensuring accountability and fairness.
Why Democracy?
The question “Why democracy?” seeks to explain why this form of government is preferred
over others, such as dictatorship or monarchy.
1. Political Equality: Unlike authoritarian governments, democracy ensures that all
citizens have an equal voice in the decision-making process, making it a fairer
system.
2. Protection of Rights and Freedoms: Democracies safeguard individual freedoms,
such as speech, religion, and assembly, which are often restricted in non-
democratic regimes.
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