HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort questions with correct answers
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RN- Nursing
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RN- Nursing
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension about foods that are low in sodium. Which menu selections by the client indicate to the nurse that the client understands what has been taught? Select all that apply.
a. Spaghetti with fresh tomatoes
b. Boiled lobster with baked potato
c. Gr...
HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort
questions with correct answers
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension about foods that are
low in sodium. Which menu selections by the client indicate to the nurse
that the client understands what has been taught? Select all that apply.
a. Spaghetti with fresh tomatoes
b. Boiled lobster with baked potato
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
d. Instant hot cereal with bacon
e. Tomato soup with a ham sandwich Correct Answer-a. Spaghetti with
fresh tomatoes
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
Rationale: Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables,
which do not contain physiologic saline. Fresh poultry and pastas are
also low in sodium. Highly processed and refined foods and luncheon
meats are high in sodium unless they are specifically labeled "low
sodium." Saltwater fish and shellfish are higher in sodium.
A nurse has provided dietary instructions to a client with a new
diagnosis of gout. Which menu suggestions by the client indicate to the
nurse that the client needs additional instruction? Select all that apply.
a. Carrots
b. Tapioca
c. Scallops
d. Broccoli
e. Chicken liver Correct Answer-c. Scallops
,e. Chicken Liver
Rationale: Organ meats such as liver, as well as certain sea foods,
including scallops, sardines, and herring, should be omitted from the diet
of the client who with gout because of the high purine content. The
foods identified in the other options contain negligible amounts of
purines and may be consumed freely by the client with gout.
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for client who has just undergone
surgery. Which foods should the nurse offer to the client? Select all that
apply.
a. Custard
b. Apple juice
c. Orange juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
f. Vanilla ice cream Correct Answer-b. Apple juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
Rationale: A clear liquid diet consists of foods, such as apple juice,
chicken broth, and gelatin, which are relatively transparent. Custard,
orange juice, and vanilla ice cream are components of a full liquid diet.
Triamterene has been prescribed for a client with a history of
hypertension. Which fruits should the nurse tell the client are acceptable
to eat while taking this medication? Select all that apply.
a. Prunes
,b. Apples
c. Peaches
d. Avocados
e. Nectarines
f. Cranberries Correct Answer-b. Apples
c. Peaches
f. Cranberries
Rationale: Triamterene is a potassium-retaining diuretic, so the client
should avoid foods high in potassium. Fruits that are naturally high in
potassium include dried prunes, avocado, bananas, fresh oranges and
mangoes, nectarines, and papayas.
Diverticulitis has been diagnosed in a client who has been experiencing
episodes of gastrointestinal cramping. The nurse should tell the client to
maintain which type of diet, during the asymptomatic period?
a. Low in fat
b. High in fiber
c. Low in residue
d. High in carbohydrates Correct Answer-b. High in fiber
Rationale: When a client's diverticulitis is asymptomatic, a soft high-
fiber diet containing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is
recommended. The client is also instructed to consume a small amount
of bran daily and to take bulk-forming laxatives, if prescribed, to
increase stool mass and softness. Increasing fluid intake to 2500 to 3000
mL daily (unless contraindicated) is also important. A low-fat diet may
be healthy but is not specific to this disorder. A high-carbohydrate diet is
not helpful for the client with this condition.
, A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-fat diet.
Which foods should the nurse tell the client are acceptable to eat? Select
all that apply.
a. Avocados
b. Baked tuna
c. Green olives
d. Baked potato
e. Fresh cherries
f. Cream cheese Correct Answer-b. Baked tuna
d. Baked potato
e. Fresh cherries
Rationale: Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do
not come from animal sources, although olives, though technically a
fruit, are high in fat (as are avocados), and fish is also naturally lower in
fat. Meats and dairy products (e.g., cream cheese) are higher in fat,
although modifications can be made to these foods to reduce their fat
content.
A client with atrial fibrillation has been placed on warfarin sodium. As
part of the instructions for the medication, which foods does the nurse
tell the client are acceptable to eat? Select all that apply.
a. Lettuce
b. Cherries Correct
c. Broccoli
d. Cabbage
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