NURS 3366- Pathophysiology Test 2 Questions with Complete Solutions
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NURS 3366- Pathophysiology
Institution
NURS 3366- Pathophysiology
NURS 3366- Pathophysiology Test 2 Questions with
Complete Solutions
Innate (natural) resistance - -defense mechanisms we are born with.
1st line of resistance - -body's physical barriers; immediate and non-specific
2nd line of resistance - -inflammation; immediate and non-specific
Acquired (ad...
NURS 3366- Pathophysiology Test 2 Questions with
Complete Solutions
Innate (natural) resistance - -defense mechanisms we are born with.
1st line of resistance - -body's physical barriers; immediate and non-specific
2nd line of resistance - -inflammation; immediate and non-specific
Acquired (adaptive) immunity - -3RD line of defense; delayed and specific; able to
resist certain diseases or conditions due to immunocyte involvement
First line of defense - -skin and mucous membranes
Stressors that can breach skin defense - -lacerations, abrasions, punctures
Eye's defense - -tears, eyelashes
sressors that can breach eye's defense - -dry eye syndrome, sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome - -autoimmune disease that dries up all lubricating fluids in the
body
respiratory system defenses - -mucus and hair in nose; cilia of cells in bronchi;
cough reflex
GI system defenses - -saliva, stomach acid, gag reflex/vomiting, bowels, defecation
Genitourinary system defenses - -urine flow, vaginal secretions
Inflammation - -second line of defense; state on Innate defense; immediate and
nonspecific
S/S of inflammation - -swelling, heat, redness and pain
Inflammation Example 1 - -first line of defense (skin) is breached with a laceration --
>clot formation to stop bleeding-->scab formed to seal breach
, NURS 3366- Pathophysiology Test 2 Questions with
Complete Solutions
Inflammation Example 2 - -meningitis microbe is inhaled (breaches 1st line of
defense mucous membranes)-->inflammation-->inflammation can't heal on it's own and
calls in 3rd line of defense (immunocyte response)-->acquired immunity
immunocyte response - -acquired defense; 3rd line of defense; delayed and specific;
results in ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
antigens - -proteins located on the surface of red blood cells (determine blood type)
antibodies - -Protein that is produced by lymphocytes and that attaches to a specific
antigen.
T lymphocytes (T cells) - -defend the body by direct attack against invading microbes
B lymphocytes (B cells) - -differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibodies to
the microbe that has attacked the body
active acquired immunity - -a form of immunity where the body makes antibodies
against a particular disease
natural active acquired immunity - -when a persons plasma cells build up antibodies
in response to a microbially-induced illness (meningitis example)
artificial active acquired immunity - -when a person's plasma cells build up
antibodies in response to receiving inoculations of a much-weakened or inactive microbe
(ex. MMR vaccine)
natural passive acquired immunity - -Passage of antibodies through the placenta or
breast milk.
artificial passive acquired immunity - -antibodies are injected during treatment (EX.
TIG)
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