GERONTOLOGY HESI TEST EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPDATED (2024/2025)
(VERIFIED ANSWERS)
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what
medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - ANS ✓Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: -
Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in
from the woods and discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports
self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly red. What should you
advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - ANS ✓He needs no
treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present.
The tick must belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at
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least 48 hours before the disease can spread. There is no need for
prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been present
long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he
see an Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some
laboratory test results will have age-related changes. Which of the
following values would be the least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - ANS ✓platelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to
decrease, white blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin
values slightly decrease, but platelet range does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more
about this condition. You would tell them all of the following except:
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Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
Some persons diagnosed with dementia have reversible pseudodementia.
Irreversible dementia has a gradual onset and a progressive downward
course.
50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia. - ANS
✓50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia.
This statement is not true. It is estimated that between 10 and 20% of the
older adult population suffer from some form of dementia. There are 1.2
million cases in the United States in people over the age of 65.
What is true regarding deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Contrast venography is the most commonly used test to diagnose this.
Because the presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical
presentation alone is problematic.
Hypocoagulation state presents a considerable risk for DVT.
Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at easing the pain. - ANS ✓Because
the presentation of DVT varies, making the diagnosis from clinical presentation
alone is problematic.
Choice B is the right answer. Contrast venography has the greatest
sensitivity and specificity for the condition but due to the cost and nature of
the test, ultrasound is more common as first-line diagnostic technique
(choice A). A hypercoagulation state presents a considerable risk for DVT
(choice C). Therapy for patients with DVT is aimed at minimizing the risk of
pulmonary embolism and extension of peripheral thrombus (choice D).
It has been determined that an elderly patient is suffering from long term
insomnia. Which of the following is LESS likely to be considered a long term
cause of the condition?
Nocturia.
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Environmental changes.
Congestive heart failure.
Alcohol and substance abuse. - ANS ✓Environmental changes.
There are various causes of insomnia in the elderly. While some may be the
cause of short term insomnia and others long term insomnia, long term
insomnia is more common in the elderly than short term.
In terms of the elderly which of the following is NOT true of
hypothyroidism?
Symptoms are often similar to normal aging changes making it difficult to
detect in older adults.
Symptoms usually have an insidious onset.
It usually occurs before age 50.
There is a greater risk for developing myxedema coma, which is life-
threatening. - ANS ✓It usually occurs before age 50.
Hypothyroidism usually occurs after age 50. It is often diagnosed as
depression. You must use caution against abruptly discontinuing
medication.
When treating a patient with oral Vitamin B12, which drug interaction will
result in decreased absorption of vitamin B12?
aminoglycosides
colchicine
potassium supplements
all of the above - ANS ✓all of the above
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