NURS 6111 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
ABG interpretation Correct Answer pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45
HCO3 22-26
ROME- Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K Correct Answer excessive
thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness,
irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal cramping
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg Correct Answer muscle
cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
acid-base buffer system Correct Answer prevents pH change
by adding and removing hydrogen ions. Carbonic acid and
bicarbonate are involved
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by Correct
Answer converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
acquired immunity Correct Answer Immunity that the body
develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such
as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens,
such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed. Highly specific, takes a
long time
action potential stages Correct Answer 1) resting potential =
Na+ ions outside while K+ ions inside
,2) depolarization = Na+ channels open & Na+ comes in; cell
becomes more positive (meets threshold of -55 mV to fire)
3) repolarization = K+ channels open & K+ goes out; cell
becomes more negative
4) undershoot = cell goes below resting potential; K+ channels
are slow to close
5) return to resting potential = both channels close; Na+ & K+
pumps restore concentration gradient
active transport Correct Answer Energy-requiring(energy often
supplied by ATP) process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
AIDS complications Correct Answer Immune system severely
compromised
Great risk for opportunistic disease
Possible malignancies, wasting, and dementia
Apoptosis vs. Necrosis Correct Answer Apoptosis- active,
orderly and organized; requires energy a plan and enzymatic
degradation of proteins/dna; produces neatly packed cell
fragments that are recycled
Necrosis; passive and disorderly; produces cell debris
atrophy Correct Answer (n.) the wasting away of a body organ
or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away
, Autoimmunity Correct Answer pertaining to one's immune
system attacking its own tissues or cells
autosomal dominant Correct Answer autosomal dominant
means that an offspring has inherited at least one affected gene
from one of their parents and only needs one affected gene to
express the trait
autosomal dominant disorders Correct Answer Huntington's
Disease
Achondroplasia
Neurofibromatosis
autosomal recessive Correct Answer require inheritance of two
affected genes to express a trait
autosomal recessive disorders Correct Answer Tay-Sachs,
Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, phenylketonuria
Body fluid areas Correct Answer 1. Intracellular fluid-fluid
found in the body's cells.
2. Extracellular fluid-fluid found outside the body's cells
3.Transcellular Fluid: This refers to fluids found in specialized
compartments within the body, such as cerebrospinal fluid
(around the brain and spinal cord), synovial fluid (in joints),
pleural fluid (around the lungs), pericardial fluid (around the
heart), and peritoneal fluid (in the abdominal cavity).
Bruton's disease Correct Answer a genetic defect of the
autosomal recessive pattern, immunodeficiency disorder, the
body cannot protect itself from infections
ABG interpretation Correct Answer pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45
HCO3 22-26
ROME- Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K Correct Answer excessive
thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness,
irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal cramping
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg Correct Answer muscle
cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
acid-base buffer system Correct Answer prevents pH change
by adding and removing hydrogen ions. Carbonic acid and
bicarbonate are involved
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by Correct
Answer converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
acquired immunity Correct Answer Immunity that the body
develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such
as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens,
such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed. Highly specific, takes a
long time
action potential stages Correct Answer 1) resting potential =
Na+ ions outside while K+ ions inside
,2) depolarization = Na+ channels open & Na+ comes in; cell
becomes more positive (meets threshold of -55 mV to fire)
3) repolarization = K+ channels open & K+ goes out; cell
becomes more negative
4) undershoot = cell goes below resting potential; K+ channels
are slow to close
5) return to resting potential = both channels close; Na+ & K+
pumps restore concentration gradient
active transport Correct Answer Energy-requiring(energy often
supplied by ATP) process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
AIDS complications Correct Answer Immune system severely
compromised
Great risk for opportunistic disease
Possible malignancies, wasting, and dementia
Apoptosis vs. Necrosis Correct Answer Apoptosis- active,
orderly and organized; requires energy a plan and enzymatic
degradation of proteins/dna; produces neatly packed cell
fragments that are recycled
Necrosis; passive and disorderly; produces cell debris
atrophy Correct Answer (n.) the wasting away of a body organ
or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away
, Autoimmunity Correct Answer pertaining to one's immune
system attacking its own tissues or cells
autosomal dominant Correct Answer autosomal dominant
means that an offspring has inherited at least one affected gene
from one of their parents and only needs one affected gene to
express the trait
autosomal dominant disorders Correct Answer Huntington's
Disease
Achondroplasia
Neurofibromatosis
autosomal recessive Correct Answer require inheritance of two
affected genes to express a trait
autosomal recessive disorders Correct Answer Tay-Sachs,
Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, phenylketonuria
Body fluid areas Correct Answer 1. Intracellular fluid-fluid
found in the body's cells.
2. Extracellular fluid-fluid found outside the body's cells
3.Transcellular Fluid: This refers to fluids found in specialized
compartments within the body, such as cerebrospinal fluid
(around the brain and spinal cord), synovial fluid (in joints),
pleural fluid (around the lungs), pericardial fluid (around the
heart), and peritoneal fluid (in the abdominal cavity).
Bruton's disease Correct Answer a genetic defect of the
autosomal recessive pattern, immunodeficiency disorder, the
body cannot protect itself from infections
