Exam (elaborations)
MGMT 4243 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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Exam of 3 pages for the course Making Ethical Decisions at Making Ethical Decisions (MGMT 4243)
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MGMT 4243Ethical Decision-Making Process - answer Refers to the process of evaluating and
choosing among alternatives in a manner consistent with ethical principles. In making
ethical decisions, it is necessary to perceive and eliminate unethical options and select
the best ethical alternative. There are 3 steps in the EDMP the first step is moral
awareness, then ethical judgement, and then final step is ethical behavior. This helps in
the work place because it provides employees with a frame work to decide if what they
are about to do is ethical or not.
Relationship between ethics and the law - answer Ethics are rules of conduct. Laws are
rules developed by governments in order to provide balance in society and protection to
its citizens. Ethics comes from people's awareness of what is right and wrong. Laws are
enforced by governments to their people. In business there's a big grey area where an
act could be ethical, but not legal and the other way around. For example if someone
follows a contract it's lawful, but that contract could be unethical in the business world.
Philosophical approaches - answer Consequentialist Theories- An approach where the
decision maker focuses on the results of an action or decision as the basis for
determining whether the action is a right one
Deontological Theories- An approach focused on broad, abstract, universal ethical
principles or values determining the right course of action
Virtue Ethics- An approach, a good decision is one that considers the character,
motivations, and intentions of the actor
Cognitive moral development - answerExplains how we decide what is the "right thing to
do" with three broad levels. The first level is the pre-conventional level it is very self-
centered and will view ethical rules as imposed from outside the self. The second level
was conventional level and is still externally focused on others, but are less self-
centered and have internalized the shared moral norms of society or some segment
such as a family or workgroup. The third and final level was the post-conventional level
has developed beyond identifications with the expectations, rules, and laws of others,
and makes decisions more autonomously by looking to ethical principles of justice and
rights.
Locus of Control - answeris a personality trait (or individual difference) that describes
how individuals perceive the reasons for the outcomes in their lives. A person
characterized by internal LOC believes that they controls their own fate. A person
characterized by external LOC believes that one's fate is determined by external forces
such as luck, fate, or a powerful being. LOC is important for understanding unethical
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