Steps of ethical decision making - answer1. Identify important facts
2. Identify important ethical issues (13 from book)
3. Identify stakeholders
4. Identify potential solutions
5. Use ethical tools to assess the dilemma
6. New approaches (solutions)
7. Recommended action (act)
8. Assess for future
9 (13) Ethical Issues - answer1. Standing up to power
2. Made a promise (world has changed)
3. Intervention
4. Conflicts of interest
5. Suspicions without evidence
6. Playing dirty
7. Skirting the rules
8. Dissemblance
9. Loyalty
(10. Sacrificing your personal values)
(11. Unfair advantage)
(12. Repair)
(13. Showing mercy)
1. Standing up to power - answerThis dilemma emerges when someone in power asks
you do to do something you don't feel is right. This problem is especially frequent at the
beginning of a person's career. This dilemma almost always requires a difference
between the powerful person's needs and your needs, putting you at risk for their
benefit. Understanding their needs will help you craft an effective response to the
request.
2. Made a promise (world has changed) - answerWe all make promises - some casual,
some formal. Arguably, some of the most important promises that we make come with a
great deal of uncertainty. Ideally, all promises would be kept. However, in a world of
multiple commitments and uncertainty, conflicts among promises are certain to emerge.
3. Intervention - answerThis dilemma occurs when you see something wrong, but are
not sure how to proceed. It's especially complicating when you feel that acting will be
risky; however, not acting is also an act.
, 4. Conflicts of interest - answerConflicts of interest are the most frequently excused
dilemma in the business world. A conflict is interest is "a structural situation in which one
person occupies multiple roles that have the potential to be at odds with one another." A
position of power or influence almost always comes with potential for inappropriate gain.
However, remember that you will impugn your reputation more quickly by abusing
power for your own benefit than by any other way.
5. Suspicions without evidence - answerThis dilemma is similar to intervention. The
distinguishing difference is that rather than determining how to stop something, you
must determine whether there is something to stop. It must be handled differently
because here how you investigate the problem matters very much. Circumstances
surrounding Suspicions Without enough evidence often require confidentiality.
6. Playing dirty - answerThis dilemma occurs when you could achieve justice by doing
something that is normally considered unethical .Contrary to the normal reaction, there
are times when lying, cheating, stealing, or killing may be justified. That being said, it's
important to make sure the ends really do justify the means.
7. Skirting the rules - answerSkirting the Rules arises when you could keep a rule for a
worse outcome or bend it to achieve some good. Here the term rules applies to both
social conventions, and laws. As a society we tend to value the rule or law. However,
even thoughtful rules can have unintended consequences or applications. Many rules
also leave room for interpretation.
8. Dissemblance - answerDissemblance occurs when misrepresenting or concealing the
truth could create a better outcome. Dissemblance is not overt dishonesty. Rather, it is
hiding or concealing something - usually to look better or to protect your interests. Thus,
it is especially tempting when the other party simply asks the wrong question. In other
cases answering anything but in an affirmative will tell the questioner more information
than you are legally allowed to give. In some cases keeping silent is a form a
dissemblance.
9. Loyalty - answerThe dilemma of loyalty comes into play when you're not sure how
much you should give up to honor a relationship. Relationships matter. This dilemma is
less about legal obligations than it is about unwritten obligations we have to others,
generally as a result of our connections to them. Just because they are informal, doesn't
make these connections any less important. Loyalty is a form of capital, specifically
social capital. Reciprocal relationships fill gaps where things like contracts don't fit.
Prescriptive ethics - answerWhat is right? (Philosophy & Theology)
Descriptive ethics - answerWhy do we do what we do when it comes to ethics?
(Behavioral)
Managerial ethics - answerHow do we manage for good?
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