Exam (elaborations)
Perfusion 2024 Questions with Correct Answers
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Exam of 21 pages for the course Perfusion at Perfusion (Perfusion 2024)
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Perfusion 20241) What will the nurse most likely assess in a client with right heart failure?
A) Leg cramps
B) Indigestion
C) Reduced circulation to the pulmonary structures
D) Reduced urine output – answer C
2) The nurse is concerned that a client with an alteration in perfusion is at risk for
inadequate oxygenation. What should the nurse consider when planning for this client's
potential health problem?
A) Cluster activities.
B) Instruct on deep breathing.
C) Medications appropriate to increase heart rate
D) Positioning to increase blood return – answer B
3) An older client is diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and a cardiac dysrhythmia. What
would the nurse expect to be indicated for this client?
A) Beta blocker
B) Digoxin
C) Nitrate medications
D) Fluids - answerA
4) A client is admitted with complaints of lower extremity edema and occasional
shortness of breath. Which electrocardiogram finding supports that the client is at risk
for an alteration in perfusion?
A) P wave smooth and round
B) Absent U wave
C) PR interval 0.30 seconds
D) ST segment isoelectric - answerC
5) The nurse is instructing a client on lifestyle changes to prevent the onset of heart
disease. What should be included in this teaching?
Select all that apply.
A) Limit exercise to 15 minutes a day.
B) Reduce saturated fats in the diet.
C) Avoid cigarette smoking.
D) Wear elastic hose.
E) Limit fluid intake. - answerB, C
6) An elderly female client complains of fatigue, nausea, intermittent chest discomfort,
and not sleeping well. What should the nurse suspect this client is experiencing?
,A) Pancreatic disease
B) Cardiac disease
C) Normal changes of aging
D) Signs of anemia - answerB
7) A client is prescribed metoprolol for a heart disorder. What should the nurse teach
the client about this medication?
A) Expect a rapid heart rate.
B) Change positions slowly.
C) Reduce protein intake.
D) Increase fluids. - answerB
8) The nurse instructor is teaching a group of student nurses regarding the various
layers of the heart. Which statements will the nurse include?
Select all that apply.
A) "The endocardium covers the entire heart and great vessels."
B) "The endocardium is the muscular layer of the heart that contracts during each
heartbeat."
C) "The outermost layer of the heart is the epicardium."
D) "The myocardium consists of myofibril cells."
E) "The myocardium has four layers." - answerC, D
10) A nurse is performing an assessment on a client diagnosed with aortic stenosis. The
nurse will hear the client's murmur best at:
A) Right sternal border, second intercostal space.
B) Left sternal border, second intercostal space.
C) Right sternal border, third intercostal space.
D) Left sternal border, third to fifth intercostal space. - answerA
11) The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. The nurse understands that the
client's blood pressure is determined by all the following factors except:
A) Pumping action of the heart.
B) Peripheral vascular resistance.
C) Heart rate.
D) Blood volume. - answerC
1) An older client is diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. What will the nurse most
likely assess in this client?
Select all that apply.
A) Fatigue
B) Lower extremity edema
C) Syncope
D) Dyspnea
E) Jugular vein distention - answerA, B, D, E
, 2) A client tells the nurse that he knows he has high blood pressure but does not want
to take any medication. Which health problem is the client at risk of developing? -
answerC
3) An older client diagnosed with cardiomyopathy reports having to rest between
activities during the day. What should the nurse realize is the reason for this client's
fatigue?
A) Increased stroke volume
B) Decreased cardiac output
C) An elongated and dilated aorta
D) Increased blood pressure - answerB
4) A client admitted with the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy becomes short of breath with
ambulation and eating, and fatigued with routine care activities. The nurse would
identify which of the following nursing diagnoses as being appropriate for this client? -
answerC
5) The nurse identifies the diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume as appropriate for a client
with cardiomyopathy. Which interventions should the nurse emphasize when planning
this client's care?
Select all that apply.
A) Monitor brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level.
B) Provide oxygen as prescribed.
C) Assess respiratory status and lung sounds every 4 hours and as needed.
D) Provide information about activity upon discharge.
E) Monitor intake and output. - answerC, E
6) A client diagnosed with cardiomyopathy is being discharged to home. What client
statement indicates discharge teaching has been effective?
A) "I will exercise as much as possible, regardless of feeling weak and short of breath."
B) "My pants getting tight around the waist, means I'm eating too much and should cut
back on food."
C) "I will eat foods containing sodium only if drinking water with them."
D) "I will see the physician to discuss implanting a cardiac defibrillator next week." -
answerD
7) The nurse is preparing teaching for a client with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. For
which medication classification should the nurse prepare to instruct this client?
A) Digitalis
B) Vasodilators
C) Nitrates
D) Beta blocker - answerD
8) A client with cardiomyopathy receiving diuretic therapy has a urine output of 300 cc in
8 hours. What should the nurse do to assist this client?
A) Assist the client to ambulate.
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