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Sputum Bowl – Pharm Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass

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Sputum Bowl – Pharm Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass How do you calculate the volume of disribution, VD? - ANSWER-VD = drug amt put into body divided by concentration of drug in blood (mg/mg/L) What do you call a simple valveless extension device that puts distance between an MDI...

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Sputum Bowl – Pharm Exam Practice

Questions and Answers 100% Pass

How do you calculate the volume of disribution, VD? - ANSWER✔✔-VD = drug amt put into body divided

by concentration of drug in blood (mg/mg/L)

What do you call a simple valveless extension device that puts distance between an MDI and the

patient's mouth? - ANSWER✔✔-A "spacer"

What is the phase of pharmacology which describes the way by which a drug dose is made available to

the body? - ANSWER✔✔-The pharmaceutical phase

The "United States Pharmacopeia" undergoes revision every how many years? - ANSWER✔✔-5 years

What phase of drug action describes the time course and disposition of a drug in the body, based on its

absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination? - ANSWER✔✔-The pharmacokinetic phase

How does a catecholamine nucleus differ from a resorcinol? - ANSWER✔✔-The hydroxyl attachment at

the #4 carbon is shifted to #5 carbon; metaproterenol (Metuprel, Alupent) and terbutaline (Brethine,

Brethaine, Bricanyl) are both resorcinols

What is the mechanism of action of class III antiarrhythmic agents? - ANSWER✔✔-Prolong phase 3 >

lengthen refractory period (ex: Bretylium tosylate)

What drug is the most popular expectorant? - ANSWER✔✔-Guaifenesin (formerly known as glyceryl

guaiacolate, guaicol is a catechol)

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How much pirbuterol is released from the MDI canister per puff? - ANSWER✔✔-0.2 mg/puff or 200ugm

(300 inhalations/canister, produced by 3M Pharmaceuticals --has a peridine ring instead of benzene ring,

onset of 5-8 min, peak effect 30 min, duration 5 hrs)

What is the active ingredient of the nasal sprat known as Afrin? - ANSWER✔✔-Oxymetazoline (0.05%)

What is the name of the part of a prescription that contains the name and amount of the drug being

prescribed? - ANSWER✔✔-Inscription

What is the now accepted use of the drug called alpha-1-antitrypsin? - ANSWER✔✔-Supplementation

therapy for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

Specifically, what is the mechanism of action of indomethocin? - ANSWER✔✔-Inhibitor of cyclo-

oxygenase

The pro-drug, bitolterol, is metabolized by what enzyme? - ANSWER✔✔-Ester

Name the two most likely candidates as the transmitter chemicals in the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic

fibers? - ANSWER✔✔-VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide), PHM (peptide histidine methionine)

At what serum theophylline concentration does the pulse rate increase? - ANSWER✔✔-15 ug/ml

(electrophysiologic studies showed acceleration of intracardiac conduction at 15 ug/ml and this could be

instrumental in provoking supraventricular arrhythmias at higher toxic levels)

By what mechanism do unmyelinated sensory nerve ending of the c-fiber type release "tachykinins" such

as substance P? - ANSWER✔✔-Axonal reflex

In line MDI's should not be used in mechanically ventilated infants if the tidal volume is less than what

amount? - ANSWER✔✔-100 ml

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Other than progesterone and doxapram, name two other drugs used as respiratory stimulants.Other

than progesterone and doxapram, name two other drugs used as respiratory stimulants. - ANSWER✔✔-

Almitrine bismesylate, Protriptyline, Theophylline, Acetazolamide, Naloxone

What term is defined by the following words? "Any chemical that alters the organism functions or

processes" - ANSWER✔✔-Drug

Define the term "pharmacognosy". - ANSWER✔✔-The identification of sources of drugs from plants and

animals (or microbes)

What are the six parts of a prescription? - ANSWER✔✔-Patient name, address, and date; superscription,

inscription, subscription, transcription, name of prescriber

What do you call any chemical that alters an organism's functions or processes? - ANSWER✔✔-A drug

What drug, other than pentamadine, is effective against P. carinii? - ANSWER✔✔-Trimethoprim-

sulfamethoxazole

How many tons of chloroflourocarbons are used each year in metered dose inhalers? - ANSWER✔✔-

4,500 tons (0.4% to 0.5% of annual production)

If you are administering ribavirin, what device should be used and what dose should be given? -

ANSWER✔✔-SPAG nebulizer, 6gm/300ml (2%), 12-18 hrs/day, 3-7 days

Name four ingredients contained in a metered dose inhaler. - ANSWER✔✔-The drug, surfactant,

chloroflourocarbons (F11, F12, F13, F14), flavoring agents, preservatives

Which of the immunoglobins is referred to as "cytophilic antibody"? - ANSWER✔✔-IgE

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What group of drugs is known to have a "gastropulmonary mucokinetic vagal" reflex action? -

ANSWER✔✔-Iodides (also guaifenesin - glyceryl guaiacolate; SSKI contains 1000mg/ml, so a dosage of 10

drops QID would deliver 4g. Complications include: iodine sensitivity in the form of acneiform rash, and

hypothyroidism in 5% of patients)

We know that a beta-agonist drug attaches to beta-receptors within a membrane. With which of the

seven loops of the receptor does the drug form bands with? - ANSWER✔✔-loops #3,5,and 6

What term encompasses the effects and interactions of drugs within the body? - ANSWER✔✔-

Pharmacodynamics

Name any two of the non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers that are considered long-acting. -

ANSWER✔✔-Metocurine, Pancuronium, Pipecurium, Doxacurium, Tubocurarine

According to P & K, what two drugs are effective in reducing the incidence of acute mountain sickness? -

ANSWER✔✔-Acetazolamide, Dexamethasone

What two enzyme pathways can metabolize arachidonic acid? - ANSWER✔✔-Cyclooxygenase and

Lipoxygenase

Give three reasons why the preferred route of administering bronchodilator beta-adrenergic drugs is by

inhalation? - ANSWER✔✔-Rapid onset, smaller doses as compared to oral, side effects are reduced, drug

is delivered directly to target organ, inhalation is painless and safe

Corticosteroids are a complex group of drugs that do not act within the nervous system. What system do

they act within? - ANSWER✔✔-Endocrine

Bitolterol was released as an MDI aerosol in 1985. What is the name of the active form of this pro-drug

once it has been converted? - ANSWER✔✔-Colterol

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