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NSG 2271, Chapter 25, Addiction and Substance Related Disorders Test With Complete Solution
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NSG 2271, Chapter 25, Addiction andSubstance Related Disorders Test
With Complete Solution
One of the goals of healthy people 2020 is to - ANSWER reduce substance
abuse to protect the health, safety, and quality of life for all, especially
children.
Addiction - ANSWER A condition of continued use of substances (or reward
seeking behaviors) despite adverse consequences.
Substance related disorders are categorized into two categories: - ANSWER
substance use disorders and substance induced disorders
Substance induced disorders - ANSWER occur when medications used for
other health problems or medical/mental health disorders cause intoxication,
withdrawal, or other health related problems.
Substance use disorder - ANSWER occurs when an individual continues using
substances despite cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms.
The DSM-5 identifies 10 diagnostic categories of substances including: -
ANSWER alcohol, caffeine, cannabis (marijuana), hallucinogens, inhalants,
opioids, sedative-hypnotics, stimulants, tobacco and others.
Why is gambling disorder included within the substance use disorder
category? - ANSWER Because gambling can activate the brain's reward
system similar to the substance use disorders.
A substance use disorder occurs when there is an underlying change in brain
,circuitry that may persists after - ANSWER detoxification
Detoxification - ANSWER the process of safely and effectively withdrawing a
person from an addictive substance, usually under medical supervision.
In the U.S., _____ is the most abused substance, followed by _____. - ANSWER
alcohol; marijuana
Alcohol use is at historically low levels for adolescents. In 2013, _____% of 8th
graders, _____% of 10th graders, and _____% of 12th graders reported getting
drunk in the past month. - ANSWER 3.5%; 12.8%, 26%
In 2013, _____% of high school seniors reported binge drinking. - ANSWER
22.1% (a drop of almost one third since the late 1990s)
Illicit drug use among adolescents is on the rise. In 2013, _____% of 8th
graders, _____% of 10th graders, and _____% of 12th graders used marijuana
within the last 12 months. - ANSWER 7%; 18%; 22.7%
In 2013, _____% of high school seniors used a prescription drug non-medically
in the past year. - ANSWER 15%
Adderall, a stimulant composed of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine
used to treat attention hyperactivity disorder was used by _____% of high
school seniors for non-medical reasons. - ANSWER 7.4%
Fewer teens smoke cigarettes, _____% than marijuana, _____%. - ANSWER 9.6%
- cigarettes; 15.6% - marijuana
the use of other forms of tobacco are increasing with _____% of 12th graders
smoking hookah water pipes at some point during the past year, an increase
from _____% in 2012. - ANSWER 21.4%; 18.3% in 2012
,The use of illicit and legal substances among Asians is consistently _____ than
in other ethnic groups. - ANSWER lower
In 2012, current illicit drug use was _____% among Asians, _____% among
Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders, _____% among Hispanics, _____%
among whites, _____% among blacks or African Americans, _____% among
American Indians or Alaska Natives, and _____% among persons of two or
more races. - ANSWER 3.7% (Asians); 7.8% (Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific
Islanders); 8.3% (Hispanics); 9.2% (Whites); 11.3% (Blacks or African
Americans); 12.7% (American Indians or Alaska Natives); and 14.8% (person
of two or more races)
Statistics in illicit drug use has been relatively stable since 2002 except for
whites increasing from _____ to _____% and Blacks increasing from _____ to
_____%. - ANSWER Whites - 8.5 to 9.2%; Blacks - 9.7 to 11.3%
The highest use of alcohol was among whites at _____% and persons reporting
two or more races at _____%, followed by Blacks at _____%, Hispanics at _____%,
American Indians or Alaska Natives at _____%, and Asians at _____%. -
ANSWER Whites - 57.4%; Two or more races - 51.9%; Blacks - 43.2%;
Hispanics - 41.8%; American Indians or Alaska Natives - 41.7%; and Asians -
36.9%.
The highest tobacco use was reported among the American Indians or Alaska
Natives at _____%, followed by person of two or more races at _____%, whites
at _____%; Blacks at _____%, Hispanics at _____%, and Asians at _____%. -
ANSWER American Indians or Alaska Natives - 48.4%; Persons of two or more
races - 37.3%; whites - 29.2%; Blacks - 27.2%; Hispanics - 19.2%; and Asians -
10.8%.
Nurses should be aware that patients who abuse substances often have: -
, ANSWER psychotic, anxiety or mood disorders (other co-existing disorders
include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD)
Individuals who abuse substances are at high risk for death from drug
overdoses and are at increased risk for death from other causes including: -
ANSWER homicide, suicide, and opportunistic infections (such as HIV)
secondary to drug injection
Earlier studies have documented the connection between alcohol abuse and
increased risk for: - ANSWER diabetes mellitus (DM), gastrointestinal
problems, hypertension, liver disease, and stroke
Etiology for substance abuse: - ANSWER Human and animal studies confirm
a genetic predisposition for drinking behaviors and self-administering
mind-altering drugs, but there is no precise genetic marker established.
Temperament, self-concept, age, motivation for change, social consequences
for problematic behaviors, parental and family relationships and peer
pressure contribute to expression of substance abuse.
_____ results from drinking alcohol during pregnancy. - ANSWER Fetal alcohol
syndrome (FAS)
Addictions can lead to: - ANSWER loss of jobs and family relationships
Use of illegal substances can lead to: - ANSWER arrest and prison
The treatment goal for persons abusing substances is to: - ANSWER recover
from the abuse
Specific withdrawal symptoms depends on - ANSWER the addictive
substance
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