CSMLS Exam Questions And Answers 100%
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What molecule is responsible for HOW living organsims synthesize energy?` - answerDNA
What are the 2 divisions of metabolism? - answerCatabolism and Anabolism
What is the function of ATP? - answerStores energy for metabolism
What are the four phases o...
What molecule is responsible for HOW living organsims synthesize energy?` - answer✔DNA
What are the 2 divisions of metabolism? - answer✔Catabolism and Anabolism
What is the function of ATP? - answer✔Stores energy for metabolism
What are the four phases of a bacterial growth curve? - answer✔Lag, Exponential, Stationary and Death
Define Sterilization - answer✔The destruction of all microbial life
Define Disinfection - answer✔The destruction of microbial life on an inanimate object
Define Antisepsis - answer✔The destruction of microbial life on living tissue (endospores may survive)
What is level 1 control of precautions? - answer✔Standard precautions - everyone should follow.
What are level 2 control of precautions? - answer✔Contact Precautions - when a patient is infected and
you can garb up to protect yourself because the infection can be spread with direct contact
What are level 3 control of precautions? - answer✔Droplet Precautions - patient can spread the
infection through droplets
What are level 4 control of precautions? - answer✔Airborne/ Isolation precautions. Can be spread
because microorganisms can survive and "fly" in air.
Vertical Gene Transfer - answer✔Genetics passed on through reproduction
Horizontal Gene Transfer - answer✔Transferring genes to another microbe of the same generation (sets
microbes away from multi-celled life)
What are the three mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer? - answer✔Transformation
Conjugation
Transduction
How can horizontal gene transfer change microorganisms? - answer✔Microbes can become more
virulent and drug resistant which would make the disease harder to treat
In-Phase vs. Out of Phase - answer✔In phase = peaks match and troughs match = adds light waves
together
Out of phase = peaks and troughs do not match up = cancels light waves out showing black in the
specimen since there is no light.
How does Florescent Microscopy work? - answer✔Florescent substances adsorb UV light and emit
visible light. They luminesce.
What is immunofluorescence? - answer✔With the use of a fluorochrome labelled AB in the diagnosis of
a specific infectious disease
How can specimens be fixed to a slide before staining? - answer✔With heat or methyl alcohol
Why do Acid- Fast bacteria retain the red carbolfuscin dye? - answer✔Because they have a waxy layer of
mycolic acid. The dye is more soluble in the lipid layer of the bacteria instead of the acid alcohol reagent
Psychrophiles - answer✔Prefer 0-20oC. They live in cold regions of the world and are not associated
with human disease
Thermophiles - answer✔Cannot grow at body temp (body temp is too low)
Mesophiles - answer✔Human pathogens. They grow at 20-40oC
What makes up ambient air - answer✔Naturally occurring gases in the air we breathe.
21% O2
0.03% CO2
78% N2
And a mix of other gases
What makes up a microaerophilic environment? - answer✔5% O2
10%CO2
85% N2
*needed for Campy organisms.... O2 levels higher than 6% will harm these organisms
What is Diamond Blackfan Anemia? - answer✔The congenital form of red cell aplasia that occurs due to
a mutation of ribosomes.
What is the cause of anemia with Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia? - answer✔Hypercellulary BM
with ineffective erythropoiesis - days plastic changes
What is noted from CDA I? - answer✔Spongy hemochromatin (Swiss cheese) in erythroblasts
May show nuclear bridging from chromatin bridges
-basophillic stippling and Cabot rings
What is noted in CDA II? - answer✔Binucleated and multinucleated forms (pseudo gaucher cells)
Can be treated with a splenectomy and iron depletion
What is noted in CDA III? - answer✔BM will show giant erythroblasts with up to 12 nuclei
What causes myelophthisic anemia - answer✔Infiltration of abnormal cells (cancer cells, tumours,
fibroblasts) into the BM, releasing immature cells into circulation.
Stem cells and progenitors migrate to the spleen and liver for extra medullary hematopoiesis
What does the PB of Myelophthisic Anemia appear as? - answer✔Normocytic erythrocytes
Reticulocytopenia
Tear drop cells
NRBC's
Immature myeloid and megakaryocytes
Giant PLTS
What causes Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease? - answer✔Inadequate production of EPO
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