EMT TEST #1 (Ch.1-8) Exam Study Guide.
Supine
Prone
Fowler
Levels of EMS Training - answer1. Emergency Medical Responder
2. Emeregency Medical Technician
3. Advanced Emergency Medical Tech.
Quality Improvement - answerA process of continuous self-review with the purpose of
identifying and c...
Levels of EMS Training - answer✔1. Emergency Medical Responder
2. Emeregency Medical Technician
3. Advanced Emergency Medical Tech.
Quality Improvement - answer✔A process of continuous self-review with the purpose of
identifying and correcting aspects of the system that require improvement.
Medical Director - answer✔A physician who assumes ultimate responsibility for the patient-
care aspects of the EMS system
Protocols - answer✔Lists of steps to be taken in different situations.
Standing Orders - answer✔A policy or protocol issued by a Med. Director that authorizes EMTs
and others to perform particular skills in certain situations.
Off-line Medical Direction - answer✔Standing orders issued by the Med. Director that allow
EMTs to give certain medications or perform certain procedures without speaking to the Med.
Director.
On-line Medical Direction - answer✔Orders from the on-duty physician given directly to an EMT
in the field by radio or telephone.
Designated Agent - answer✔An EMT or other person authorized by a Med. DIrector to give
medications and provide emergency care.
EMS has a role in what public safety issues? - answer✔Inury prevention (youth and geriatric),
Public Vaccination, and Disease Surveillance
Evidence-based Research - answer✔Description of medical techniques or practices that are
supported by scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy.
Prospective v. Retrospective - answer✔Pro - Studies designed to look forward.
Retro - Studies that look at events that have occurred in the past.
Types of Medical Research - answer✔Case Studies, Cohort, Randomized Controlled Trials
(RCTs), Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis.
Level of Evidence 1 - answer✔The highest level set of data that results from RCTs or meta-
analysis of RCTs.
Level of Evidence 2 - answer✔These studies use concurrent controls without true
randomization. Often retrospective and less reliable.
Level of Evidence 3 - answer✔Studies with retrospective controls and little actual control of
experiments. They use events that have already occurred. Useful, but prone to bias.
Level of Evidence 4 - answer✔Studies without a control group (case studies). Only one group is
examined and not compared. Outcomes difficult to evaluate without this comparison in
different patients.
Level of Evidence 5 - answer✔Studies not directly related to the specific patient/population.
Frequently used for prehospital treatments, but data is prone to interpretation based on
different populations or circumstances.
Keys to Well-Being - answer✔Maintain personal relationships, exercise, sleep, eating right,
limiting alcohol and caffeine.
Pathogens - answer✔The organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria.
Standard Precautions - answer✔A strict form of infection control that is based on the
assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious. AKA Body Substance Isolation
Diseases of Concern - answer✔Hepatitis (A,B,C), Tuberculosis, AIDS, Chicken Pox (varicella),
Ebola, German Measles (Rubella), Influenza (Swine and avian flu), Meningitis, Mumps,
Pneumonia, Staphylococcal skin infections, Whooping Cough (Pertussis).
Hepatitis (Types and Contraction Style) - answer✔A - Contracted primarily through food or
water contaminated with fecal matter.
B - Contracted through blood spills. (Vaccine available)
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