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BACE Exam Review. Chemistry & Biochemistry Questions and Answers Fully Solved
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BACE Exam Review. Chemistry & Biochemistry
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BACE Exam Review. Chemistry &Biochemistry
What are the types of bonds from strongest to weakest? - answer Covalent bonds, Ionic
bonds, and Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bond - answer Shared electrons between two atoms
Ionic bond - answer One atom gives electron to another
What happens to the charges of the atoms in an ionic bond? - answer Electrons are
negatively charged so the atom that gave up the electron becomes positive (cation) and
the receiver becomes negative (anion)
Hydrogen bond - answer Partial positive and negative interactions between two atoms
What atoms form hydrogen bonds and why? - answer Happens between H and NOF
(nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine) because H gives away its electrons easily (partially
positive) and NOF are more electronegative (partially negative)
Cellular Respiration Equation - answerC6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
(ATP)
Where does cellular respiration occur in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? - answer Occurs
in the mitochondria in eukaryotes. Occurs in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes.
How much ATP is produced from each glucose in anaerobic respiration and aerobic
respiration? - answer2 ATP from anaerobic respiration. 36 ATP from aerobic respiration.
What is the end product of anaerobic respiration in animals and plants? - answer
Animals: lactate or lactic acid
Plants: ethanol (alcohol) and CO2
What are the 4 types of macromolecules? - answer- Carbohydrates (CHO)
- Lipids (CHO)
- Proteins (CHON)
- Nucleic Acids (CHONP)
Dehydration Synthesis - answer Removal of the parts of water (H and OH) from two
monomers to join them together
, Hydrolysis - answer Breaking water and adding the parts of water (H and OH) back onto
two monomers to break them apart
What are carbohydrates used for? - answer Short term energy, structure, cell signaling
Carbohydrates monomer and examples - answer Monosaccharides, ex. glucose,
galactose, fructose
Carbohydrates dimers and examples - answer Disaccharides, ex. lactose, sucrose,
maltose
Carbohydrates polymers and examples (with function) - answer Polysaccharides
- Glycogen (stores glucose in liver of animals)
- Cellulose (makes up cell walls in plants)
- Starch (stores glucose in plants)
- Chitin (makes up cell walls in fungi)
What are lipids used for? - answerLong term energy, cushions organs, cell membrane
Triglycerides use and parts - answerenergy storage
2 parts:
- 1 Glycerol
- 3 Fatty Acids
Phospholipids use and parts - answercell membrane
3 parts:
- 1 Glycerol
- 2 Fatty Acids
- 1 Phosphate head
Saturated Fatty Acids - answer- single bonds between carbons
- straight chains
- solid at room temp
Unsaturated Fatty Acids - answer- double bonds between carbons
- bent chains
- liquid at room temp
What are proteins used for? - answerPretty much everything in the cell: enzymes,
structural, communication, transport
Proteins monomer, difference between them, what the difference does - answer- Amino
Acids
- Difference between amino acids is their R-group
- R- group can make amino acid positive, negative, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic
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